Abstract: The airlines have recorded a significant increase in aircraft leases in the recent years. In order to respond to the market changes and offer corresponding capacity, as quick as possible, airlines require flexible fleet which is provided by aircraft leases and which has motivated the authors to analyse the fleet ownership structure. This paper gives an overview of the airline fleet ownership structure, pointing out the differences depending on a business model, geographic distribution and alliance membership for large (more than 100 aircraft), medium (from 50 to 99 aircraft) and small (less than 50 aircraft). Analysis has shown that large airlines have smaller percentage of leased aircraft, and vice versa, small airlines have larger percentage of leased aircraft. It is also pointed out that North American airlines have, in general, a smaller percentage of leased aircraft, and that membership in an alliance does not affect the fleet ownership structure.
Keywords: aircraft lease, low-cost airlines, full service airlines, geographic distribution, alliance membership
1. INTRODUCTION
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Nonetheless, airlines need to consider both passengers’ and their own interests. They also need to satisfy different operational requirements and to make a profit. Whereas the growth in air passengers demand (according to the International Air Transport Association – IATA) is expected to more than doubled in the next two decades with a 3.8% average annual growth (2014 baseline year), airlines need to adjust the capacity they offered. In order to accommodate rising demand, the changes in the fleet size/structure are needed. Therefore, airlines may need to acquire an