4.1 SEX-Dose sex differ will have influence on student’s score? From the histogram graphs above, we can confirm that mean in four subjects are trend to normally distributed. To test whether the mean for reading, writing, math and science is the same for males and females, an independent samples t-test tool is suitable because it can compare the means of a normally distributed interval dependent variable for two independent groups. H0: Females have no significant difference and high mean score than males in reading score H1:
Unit 6, Assignment 1. Name Institution Section 1: Data File Description The academic performance in class is measured through the exam metrics such as the GPA. However, the GPA may show the performance but not the several factors that define the overall outcome of the GPA. Some of the factors that may affect the GPA score is gender. This paper seeks to find out if there is any relationship between gender and the GPA performance.
Additionally, the author mentions that according to the professor’s research, the “score gap between American students and those in the highest-ranked countries” decreases by “25 percent in math and 40 percent in reading” once adjustments for the student’s socioeconomic status have been made. However, this problem is getting harder for public schools to solve as “[t]he public school population is getting poorer”. Porter then introduces Andreas Schleicher, the top educational expert of O.E.C.D who runs the PISA tests, as Schleicher firmly disagrees with Professor Carnoy’s claims. According to Professor Carnoy’s results, “fewer than 15 percent” of American students should be from families of lower socioeconomic status, but Schleicher found that “65 percent of principals in American schools say at least 30 percent of their students come from disadvantaged families”.
During Galileo's early childhood, he lived in Pisa, Italy. His father, Vincezio Galilei taught him how to play the lute. In 1572, at the age of 8 yrs, he was in the care of Muzio Tedaldi, his mother's relative, since his parents moved to Florence and needed to get settled therefore left him in Pisa. It wasn't until 2 years later that they would be rejoined in Florence. Although his father was always busy with writing, arguing, and debating about people's ideas and thoughts about music; just as he would when he grew up.
5.3 Cognitive skills Pooled, Fixed Effects and IV results for Math and PPVT scores PPVT scores For the pooled OLS we find that number of hours spent playing, in school and studying are highly significant. One hour of play increases on average the percentile rank of the PPVT score by 3.24, whereas for one extra hour spent studying the per- centile rank on average increases by 3.75, and finally for one extra hour of school the percentile rank increases by 3.59. For parental values only parental value for obedience is slightly positively significant that is at 10% significance level. We do know that the pooled OLS estimates might not be accurate as we haven’t accounted for unobserved heterogeneity which might be because of some unobserved family, parental and community characteristics and differences.
Leonardo Pisano Bigollo was a famous mathematician. Born on c.1175 and passed away on c.1240. He was famous for Fibonacci numbers, Leonardo was from the medieval era and was known by Fibonacci (nickname). He spread Arabic numbers to the west. Not a lot of things are known of Leonardo’s personal life, he studied calculations with an Arab master.
Women in the high middle class are encouraged to finish high school and pursue further education. Many go on to university in the US and Europe. The lower middle class may also send their children to university, at great expense. Children in the lower middle class may go, but the preference will be for the boys in a family to go over any boys the family may have. For poor families, girls will not have the opportunity to attend school as children as there is little to access to public school.
Martha Peraza SOC 3340 Inequality in Education California State University, Bakersfield Abstract In the United States, there exists a gap in equality for different demographics of students. The factors contributing to educational disadvantages include socioeconomic struggles, gender of students, language or culture, and particularly for the scope of this paper, race.
When thinking about international standards, there are always questions to be asked: who are we testing, how are we testing, and what do these test results mean? One way of testing these standards is to use PISA, a test given every three years to fifteen-year-olds in an attempt to compare students’ scores internationally. However, PISA can be problematic in the way that the tests ignore cultural contexts and force comparisons (Kamens, 2013). In our debate, there were two teams: the team in defense of PISA, and the team that wanted to get rid of PISA altogether. The team in defense of PISA claimed that international testing promoted quality, encouraged investment in education, and discourages complacency even in developed nations.
Mathematics and reading scores in grades were examined and the following results were reported such that An achievement gap exists between students in low-poverty schools and those in high-poverty schools. Also; In mathematics, students enrolled in high-poverty schools tend to grow less academically during the school year than students enrolled in low-poverty schools. moreover; African-American students grow less academically during the school year then students in other groups. This difference is more noticeable in mathematics than in
According to the American Psychological Association, Socioeconomic status is the social standing or class of an individual or group. It is often measured as a combination of education, income, and occupation. The question that inspired this project is “In what ways does one’s socioeconomic status affect a child’s education, safety, and ability to get employment?” By the end of this course, I would hope to have the answer to all the questions above as well as how socioeconomic status affects children in comparison to adults as well as how the life people of different socioeconomic statuses compare.
Sultana, N., (2012, July 30). Inequality in Education. Retrieved from
By using Gini or Theil measure of inequality, it shows that higher average levels of education are linked to increasing inequality. The study discussed the effects of policies on education to educational inequality, and discovered that the duration of compulsory education have an impact on inequality while the level of education has no control on how school tracking manipulates
Several studies have been done to identify problems that affects student’s academic performance. The students’ academic performance depends on a number of socio-economic factors like students’ presence of trained teacher in school, teacher-student ratio, attendance in the class, sex of the student, family income, mother’s and father’s education, , and distance of schools (Amitava Raychaudhuri,
This means the gender disparity in education sector is not a new phenomenon, but this inequality is there for decades. This difference in literacy rates can be analysed with the help of data on enrolment and dropout rates which can depict a true image in case of gender disparity in education sector. GENDER DISPARITY IN ENROLMENT The following table reveals a low trend for the enrolment of girls in Primary, Upper Primary, Secondary, Senior Secondary and Higher Education from the year 1950-51 to 2013-2014. At every level, there are comparatively less girls enrolled as compared to boys.
