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Pierre Van Den Berghe's Theory Of National Identity

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Pierre van den Berghe emphasizes the role of ethnicity and kinship involving family biological ties to members of an ethnic group as being an important element of national identity. He identifies common descent as the basis of the formation of different ethnic groups. This is logical because one can only be born into an ethnic group and can’t change his ethnicity. He also notes that solidarity and unity among the members of an ethnic group does not always require genetic relatedness, but can also form through imagined genetic relatedness which may or may not be true. Functionalist interpretation of this perspective postulates some advantages to this theory of genetics playing an important role. It claims that having a genetic relation or believing in one, defines who is acceptable in that group and who is not. This in turn …show more content…

This form of nationalism derives from the Risorgimento (meaning “the resurgence” in Italian) which is the movement for the unification of Italy. Integral nationalism, on the other hand, results after a nation has already achieved independence. Hitler’s Third Reich and Mussolini’s Italy are good examples of this. Integral nationalism is usually characterizes by anti-indiviualism, statism, extremism and imperialism. Integral nationalism shares many similarities with Fascism, another form of extreme nationalism.
Civic nationalism is also known as liberal nationalism. Liberal nationalism defines the nation as an association of people who identify themselves as belonging to the nation, who have equal and shared political rights, and allegiance to similar political procedures. In this case, the core identity of the nation is not ethnicity. There is usually no common ethnic ties in such nations. Civic nationalism is claimed to be in consonance with the principles of democracy, equality, freedom, tolerance and so

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During the early nineteenth century the idea of nationalism was born. Nationalism is a strong feeling of pride in your country. It is the idea of one country being better than all others. Before the idea of nationalism took shape, cultures living in Europe were spread throughout large multi-cultural empires. These cultures didn't feel any ties to other people of the same culture, they only felt loyalty to the king or queen.

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Nationalism is the pride for one’s country, the love that one has for its country and it is the want for the good of all people in the nation. This love is not conditional, it does not depend on race religion or economic standing. When a leader is chosen, when a country is coming out of great national change, this requires a particularly strong leader who only wishes for their countries greatness and success in the future. However, this can quickly turn into ultranationalism, or expose ultranationalistic motives. The two concepts of one’s love for their country have similarities, one is formed from the other, or that each can be provokers of change in either direction in the political spectrum.

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This chapter explains the difference between race and ethnicity and how they came about. It also explains the advantages and disadvantages some have due to the creation of race. Race and ethnicity have strong foundations not only within countries, but between them. Globalization has increased the individual’s ethnic identities, but has also put some at disadvantages. Having different races and ethnicities is not an issue, but ranking the different races and putting others at disadvantages creates issues.

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Introduction The concept of identity has been a notion of significant interest not just to sociologists and psychologists, but also to individuals found in a social context of perpetually trying to define themselves. Often times, identities are given to individuals based on their social status within a certain community, after the assessment of predominant characteristics that said individual has. However, within the context of an ethnicity, the concept identity is most probably applied to all members of the ethnical group, and not just one individual. When there is one identity designated for the entire group, often times the factor of “individuality” loses its significance, especially when referring to the relationship between the ethnic

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Moving on to the idea of nationalism, Ernest Gellner (1997) understood nationalism as a product of industrial society. He defines nationalism as “primarily a political principle, which holds that the political and national unit should be congruent” (Guibernau and Rex 1997: 52). Nationalism, Gellner says is either a product of feeling of anger when the principle discussed above is not fulfilled or a product of feeling of satisfaction aroused by its fulfilment. Therefore, “nationalism is a theory of political legitimacy” (Guibernau and Rex 1997: 52). Gellner justifies the repercussions of the idea of “nationalism is a theory of political legitimacy” by discussing how the political effectiveness of national sentiment impairs the sensibility of the nationalists to realise the wrong committed by the nation.

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In simple terms, different identity groups such as those whose languages, religions education-levels, genders, and ethnics come together, they create a diverse

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