ipl-logo

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

934 Words4 Pages

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous condition which disturbs endocrine, metabolic and reproductive function, affecting 6-10% of women of reproductive age. Such a disorder can be defined using the Rotterdam criteria of 2003, which states PCOS is present when two of the following three phenotypes is shown: polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction. However in recent years, PCOS has been found to present several metabolic consequences such as insulin resistance (affecting 60-80% of women with PCOS), hyperinsulinaemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipedemia; a dangerous combination which poses major risk factors in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obesity in particular has been linked to inflammation …show more content…

Similarities of PCOS phenotypes across families supports the importance of environmental factors as contributors in the manifestation of the condition. Such factors may include diet, particularly the consumption of carbohydrates and fats, lack of exercise and smoking. Socioeconomic status may also play a role as correlations between children who come from families of low socioeconomic status and PCOS were found (Barthelmess & Naz, 2015). Prenatal life is also of interest as an environmental risk factor, a study by Cresswell et al., 1997 found two different groups of patients who both displayed the PCOS phenotype: those with birth weights above average and those who were born to overweight mothers (Crosignani & Nicolosi, 2001). Additionally, PCOS is not geographically restricted, affecting women of reproductive age worldwide. Ethnicity studies reinforce the variation in the expression of PCOS phenotypes, mainly with focus on the metabolic aspects of the syndrome. Examples include the high prevalence of obesity among Hispanic and African American women, putting them at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus; abnormal glucose tolerance is also more common in these populations of women than when compared to European women. Asian women tend to have lower body mass index (BMI) and hyperandrogenism which is less severe compared to …show more content…

The study carried out identified three loci linked to PCOS in a Chinese cohort. The first locus concerning PCOS was found on chromosome 2p16.3, containing two genes GTF2A1L (expressed in the testis) and LHCGR essential for ovulation and pregnancy. The THADA gene was also discovered, expressed on chromosome 2p21and the third and final susceptible locus was found on chromosome 9q33.3 in DENND1A, a gene important in membrane trafficking (Barthelmess & Naz, 2015).

Show More
Related

56431 Unit 1

638 Words | 3 Pages

Report Appropriately modified de-identified data for the 56431 attendee at the various clinics was used for this analysis. Table 1 presents distribution of the anomalous body composition readings by gender, clinics, and age group. 85% of the overall were female, clinic location 5 has the highest number of overall participants (18%) and highest number of all the anomalous body composition readings (15% - 19%) respectively. 61% of all the participants were within 40 – 60 years age group.

Read More

Wgu A2 Task 1

873 Words | 4 Pages

There are approximately 350 million individuals living with DM worldwide. In the United States, the rate of T2DM has increased in individuals of AA descent with the prevalence rate escalating in the past 30 years and has quadrupled. AAs above 20 years of age are 1.7 times more likely to be diagnosed with DM than the Caucasians. They accounted for 10.8% of all individual with diabetes (CDC, 2015). A comparison of rates of diagnosis of diabetes mellitus by ethnicity and race disclosed that in 2010 the AAs diagnosed for diabetes were 13.2% of 29.1 million Americans (ADA, 2014).

Read More

Case Study 2: What Race Has To Do With Breast Cancer

603 Words | 3 Pages

Case Study 2: What Race Has to Do with Breast Cancer Health disparities among difference race groups continue to be a public health concern. Some races have higher chances of being diagnosed to certain types of serious health conditions as opposed to others. In the United States, African-American women continue to have the highest rates of breast cancer, and at higher risk of being diagnosed at a more advance stage of breast cancer. Although, research has demonstrated that biology and genes can put an individual at a higher risk of cancer, researchers are now identifying outside factors that are affecting many more women. For example, an article released by Time “What Race Has to Do with Breast Cancer” social and culture factors, such as social economic status, can greatly determine the health risk outcome.

Read More

Ethnic Autobiography Paper Sample

1053 Words | 5 Pages

Ethnic Autobiography Obesity is a problem that is far more prevalent within the African American community than other racial and ethnic groups of Americans and this is particularly true among younger people (Delva et al., 2007a). The exact explanation for this is elusive and has both genetic and dietary components (Delva et al., 2007b). The proposed project is in two distinct phases. The first phase is to collect information, both through conducting surveys and through reviews of the literature, to determine why this is the case.

Read More

Young Kids Old Bodies Summary

238 Words | 1 Pages

Young Kids, Old Bodies talks about obesity and its growing problem. Along with insightful article, the visual representation shows: ill effect of obesity, percentile of obese girls versus boys based on race and how physical activity helps children avoid obesity. According to the visual aid on the article, obesity leads to malfunction of various internal organs and diseases. One of the many effects of fatty tissues is heart attack due to thickening of arteries (Parks, Young Kids, Old Bodies).

Read More

Crohn's Disease

620 Words | 3 Pages

With attention to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, Crohn’s disease is one of the many common cases. Crohn’s disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disorder that both men and woman are equally susceptible too. This disease is often confused with other gastrointestinal disorders with similar symptoms. With this disease being a part of the GI tract, there are many signs that can lead up to Crohn’s. An individual with Crohn’s disease could have been obtained through genetics or the environment, which could lead to many other complications that can affect the entire digestive tract.

Read More

Cystic Fibrosis

706 Words | 3 Pages

Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disease that affects the lungs and the digestive system. Because this disease limits breathing ability, it is a life-threatening disease. In the United States alone, 30,000 people have cystic fibrosis and 1,000 new cases of CF are diagnosed every year. Over half the of the people with CF are over the age of 18. (About Cystic Fibrosis)

Read More

Health Care For Black Women Essay

488 Words | 2 Pages

Limited access to primary care, affordable insurance, and specialist services makes it challenging for such women to obtain health care. The underfunding of fertility clinics, reproductive health services, and mental health services furthers the problem. All these challenges disproportionately affect black women, causing them to suffer from specific health issues such as reproductive health issues, obesity, heart disease, and high blood pressure. Additionally, black women are exposed to chronic stressors and discrimination, which can lead to long-lasting detrimental health effects.

Read More

Health Disparities In Hispanic Community

1185 Words | 5 Pages

Hispanic women should particularly focus on knowing everything they can about what’s going on with diabetes especially within their ethnic group; there are several groups which can help to inform you with new and innovative ways. Diabetes can be very harmful but when you take the proper steps each day, you won’t even have to worry about

Read More

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Health Care

959 Words | 4 Pages

Acculturation is the acquisition of the cultural elements (language, food choice, dress, music, sports) of the dominant society (LaVeist & Isaac, 2013). The influence could either be positive or negative. According to Lara, Gamboa, Kahramanian, Morales, and Bautista (2005), among Latinos living in the United States, those who are highly acculturated are “more likely to engage in substance abuse and undesirable dietary behaviors and experience worse birth outcomes compared with their less acculturated counterparts” (P.374). The researchers on the other hand, the researchers also found that “more acculturated Latinos are more likely to use preventive services (e.g., cancer screening) and have a better self-perception of health than do the less acculturated Latinos” (P. 374). In addition, Unger, Reynolds, Shakib, Spruijt-Metz, Sun, and Johnson (2004), in an attempt to prove their hypotheses that acculturation to the US would be associated with an increase in obesity-related risk behaviors found that “among immigrants from many Asian cultures, adoption of Western diets typically results in increased consumption of fat, processed meats, snack foods, between-meal snacks, and fast-food, and decreased consumption of fish, vegetables, and whole grains” (P.469).

Read More

The Biopsychosocial Model

1198 Words | 5 Pages

Individual emotional and physical choices play a crucial role in health and even more so in lower socio-economic neighborhoods. The biological level in terms of diabetes would be the genetic influence Cockerham (2013) addressed. The biological element at play is the TCF7L2 variant gene. This gene increases the diabetes risk but depends on heredity. However, presence itself doesn’t mean diabetes.

Read More

Essay On Endometriosis

1280 Words | 6 Pages

Endometriosis While other women may have it easy to get impregnated or are making the decision to terminate their pregnancy, there are other women who are not able to have their own children. Some women decide to terminate their pregnancy based on social stigma or abusive situations. There are others who die trying to have a normal sex life and become pregnant. One of the most painful and dreadful moments is knowing that you cannot conceive a “seed” of your own. A common condition known in gynecology is endometriosis.

Read More

Infertility Research Paper

2117 Words | 9 Pages

Chapter one Background Infertility is a worldwide health problem that affects both men and women and has a significant impact on their lives. Globally, 10-15% of childbearing age couples experience infertility (1-2). Globally the number of infertile couples has increased since 1990 when 42,0 million couples were unable to have a child, in 2010 it was estimated that 48,5 million couples worldwide was dealing with infertility and 19,2 million couples are unable to have the first child while 29,3 million couples are unable to have a second child, 14.4 million of these couples are living in South Asia and 10.0 million lives in South Saharan Africa (81). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 80 million people in the world live

Read More

Infertility Hypothesis

1128 Words | 5 Pages

CHAPTER ONE 1.1 INTRODUCTION Infertility may be defined as the inability of a married couple to achieve pregnancy over a twelve-month period despite regular frequent unprotected sexual intercourse. Also, it could be the inability to carry a pregnancy to a live birth (Rowe & Farley, 1988). Infertility has a long history in many cultures. Recent global evidence shows infertility as a major public health problem. Infertility, or the inability to conceive, is a problem of global proportions, affecting between 8 and 12 percent of couples worldwide (Etuk, 2009), In developing countries, one in four ever married women of reproductive age are infertile due to primary or secondary infertility (WHO/DHS, 2004).

Read More

Infertility Case Study

2497 Words | 10 Pages

It was observed that “with artificial insemination, sperm banks, in vitro fertilization and fertility pills, infertility is becoming less of a problem (Tripon, 2002: 226). Fertility clinics began to appear. There are three local hospitals located in Metro Manila are offering IVF procedures namely St. Luke’s Hospital- Global City, Manila Doctors Hospital and Asian Hospital and Medical Center. Health institutions that have experts on fertility related problems are growing in number.

Read More

More about Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Related Topics

Open Document