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Presbyterianism As A Distinct Movement: 16th-Century Protestant Reformation

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The beginning of Presbyterianism as a distinct movement occurred during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. As the Catholic Church resisted the reformers, the Church split and different theological movements bore different denominations. Presbyterianism was especially influenced by the French theologian John Calvin. The Presbyterian Church traces its ancestry back primarily to England and Scotland. Presbyterians distinguish themselves from other denominations by doctrine, institutional organization (or "church order") and worship; often using a "Book of Order" to regulate common practice and order. Presbyterians place great importance upon education and lifelong learning (Models for Christian Higher Education: Strategies for Survival and
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The Protestant Reformation had a huge impact in all Europe in the sixteen century, but which ones were the factors that lead to it? It is very important to highlight that the European Christianity was falling into a noticeable corruption of its popes and some other high position members. Robbery, and even warriors were among of some factors that took the Cristian Church to a declining path. One of these examples was the Pope Julius II, which one won the nickname “the warrior pope” because he led armies against people. Furthermore, the church was not the only factor promoting this reformation, some other social changes were occurring with the masses in Europe; many of the peasants were being free especially in the western Europe.

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1. What were the sources of religious discontent that preceded the Reformation? The religious discontent was because of first and foremost, the sale of indulgences. Priests believed that if they sold pieces of paper to the peasants that the peasants would be cleared of their sins and have a step forwards towards an afterlife in heaven, instead of purgatory.

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The Protestant Reformation was a cultural and political change that splintered the Catholic Church in Europe. Reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice. The person that had the most responsibility for this rebellion is Martin Luther. People agreed with his beliefs against the catholic church and they followed him. The Protestant Reformation affected people a lot by either unifying them or dividing them.

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The Protestant Reformation was a movement that spread throughout Europe, in which started in 1517. The Reformation affected Europe politically and socially. Feelings leading up to the Reformation were very religious, and very much full of disrespect. In document 2, written by Martin Luther in the 95 Theses, many people were very bitter of the church’s idea of “the money box.

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The Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment were three notable movements that fundamentally transformed European society during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. Each of these cultural, intellectual, and philosophical movements, as well as their collective impact, had a profound influence on the political structures of Europe. Among countless others, notable figureheads throughout this era of innovation include Martin Luther, John Calvin, Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant. Together, these movements–spurred by the pioneering of such individuals–challenged popular beliefs and authority, undermined the power of the Church, and spread the idea of secularism,

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I. The Protestant Reformation in Europe was a reform movement that occurred during the sixteenth century which divided the Western Christian church into Catholic and Protestant groups. Although the Reformation occurred in the sixteenth century earlier events of the late fourteenth and fifteenth century created the environment for the Reformation to occur. The Reformation was started by Martin Luther, who was a monk and professor who lectured the Bible (Duiker, World History, 421). There were four major factors that lead to The Protestant Reformation in Europe:

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In the Protestant Reformation many reformists used different tactics, that evolved the Protestant reformation stand point in society. Martin Luther was one of the many who pioneered the movement and, thus allowing for they’re to be a voice for Protestants. While on the other hand reformist Andreas Bodenstein von Karlstadt followed similar paths as Luther, but he was not as successful. Thesis Statement: The different methods that Luther, Muntzer, and Karlstadt used to approach the Protestant Reformation will be a leading factor, of how well they progress individually on their paths to creating a new interpretation of what the Catholic Church once taught them.

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While Martin Luther was not the first person to want to change the Catholic Church, he became the first leader of a major religious order to secede successfully from the western Catholic Church. The Protestant Reformation, led by Luther, began in 1517 and ended in 1555. Since Luther’s order broke away from the Catholic Church, the Protestant Reformation should more accurately be called the Protestant Revolution. While lecturing on the Bible, a revelation appeared to Luther and changed his life.

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Quakerism, interchangeably known as the Society of Friends, is a denomination of Protestant Christianity. Quakers as a whole attempt to eliminate anything between their monotheistic God and the followers of the christian religion. Quakers The beginning of the Protestant reformation sparked because of the ‘unnecessary’ sacraments and hierarchies of the roman catholic branch. Because the Protestant reformers of the sixteenth century attempted to eliminate intermediaries between God and people, the Society of Friends, or Quakers, may be regarded as the fullest expression of the Reformation.

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The five landmarks in the Protestant Reformation that were significate were Martin Luther , the 95 theses, the printing press, the translation of the bible into German, & Calvinism. The Roman Catholic Church was overrun with ambitious individuals who sought power and control. These landmarks were all significant in reforming the Roman Catholic Church in its beliefs and practices. Martin Luther is the primary source for beginning the Protestant Reformation. Luther publicly criticized the Catholic Church and its authority.

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The Protestant Reformation took place from 1517 to 1648. The Protestant Reformation had followed Martin Luther’s philosophy that human beings were sinful by nature. The Protestant Reformation was put into the act because people were tired on how the church used their power. The people that were to donate money toward the church were the ones whose sins were forgiven and had a “definite” key to heaven. One very influential religious leader includes John Calvin, who was a protestant reformer.

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The Protestant and English reformation were both reforms that took place in the 16th century against the Roman Catholic Church. Comparatively these reformations are alike and different in some sense. For example, Two leaders led these reforms and went against the church’s beliefs for different purposes. For personal reasons , King Henry VIII went against the church, whereas Martin Luther knew the church could not offer him salvation amongst other reasons. Before becoming a monk, Martin Luther was once a law student .

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Protestant Reformation  Protestant Reformation was a European Christian movement. This movement, led by Martin Luther reformed the Roman Catholic Church practices and begin Protestantism. The reformation started because of the corruption of Roman Catholic Church.   The corruption that begin the protestant reformation was phony relics and indulgences. The church priests would sell these relics to poor people knowing that they were fake and build on lies only to make money for the church.

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The Protestant Reformation took place in the 16th century in Europe. This reformation was led by reformers such as Martin Luther and John Calvin. Martin Luther and John Calvin disputed the Church’s views and what they defined Christianity as. Not only did this reformation lead to changes in religious and spiritual life but it also led to consequences for politics and society. The Protestant Reformation caused outbreak in war, which showed the demand for reform to take place.

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The Reformation held many interesting people and many great stories. Huldrych Zwingli was a Protestant reformer during the Reformation, like Martin Luther, and John Calvin. He was born on January 1st, 1498 in Windaus Switzerland and died on October 11th, 1531 in Kappel am Albis, Switzerland. He lived a fairly short life compared to those of today. Zwingli is best known as a Swiss Protestant leader and he was killed in the battle of Zurich.

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