Pros And Cons Of Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to further analyze the classifications of shock which are divided into cardiogenic, neurogenic, hypovolemic and septic shock. Thorough explanations of indications such as prognosis, treatments, diagnosis, signs and symptoms, etiology, clinical presentation, current research, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. The true understanding of this condition is based on knowing the pros and cons of shock. This helps in respiratory care by showing the different effects of the classifications of shock. This information is important for respiratory therapists to understand the pathophysiology of the cardiopulmonary system. Its beneficial to have prior knowledge of this condition to properly assess and treat the

This condition1 is caused by severe heart attacks but it is mostly sustained by hypotension and a cardiac index of less than 2.2 L/min. Other symptoms of cardiogenic shock can lead to heart attacks but its very rare and often depends on having congestive heart failure1. If cardiogenic shock occurs, it has to be treated immediately because it would lead to the cause of death. Neurogenic shock is another type of life threatening medical condition where the body is caused by the absence of signals from the sympathetic nervous system that controls normal muscle tone of the blood vessels structures2. Hypovolemic shock is caused by a dramatic drop in blood plasma volume which results in organ failure and death3. Due to the severe blood loss this will make it hard for the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the body. Septic shock is caused by an infection to the body that can lead to organ dysfunction and death if it is left

The common cause of coronary cardiogenic shock is the left ventricular systolic dysfunction which is correlated with acute myocardial infarction1. Secondary cardiogenic shock is associated with the left ventricular systolic dysfunction and its the most common cause of death in patients that are hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction1. Coronary and secondary cardiogenic shock can reduce cardiac production and reduce blood pressure resulting in poor tissue perfusion1. 50 percent of patients die when it is left untreated due to the development of pulmonary edema and irreversible heart damage1. Signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock can lead to different aspects which include chest pain, dyspnea, oliguria, diaphoresis and nausea/vomiting1. Clinical presentations are presented as tachycardia, bradycardia, weakness, anxiety, pulses are rapid and or irregular and faint, peripheral edema1. Monitoring the vital signs, pulse oximetry, breath sounds and for changes in cardiac rhythm, or reporting any changes that have occurred are goals for treating1 the patient. Providing supplemental oxygen, maintaining a patent airway or utilizing intubation/ mechanical ventilation with the administration of prescribed medications such as analgesics, vasodilators, diuretics are other options for treatments1. The diagnosis for cardiogenic shock include the following electrocardiography,