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Pros And Cons Of Epigenetics

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Epigenetics is defined simply in the Oxford dictionary as “the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself”. A change in phenotype without a change in genotype (What is epigenetics, 2015). Phenotype relates to anything observable: structure, function or behavior of a living organism (Blamire, 2000). This is arguably similar to phenotypic plasticity, where some organisms can change their appearance in response to environmental changes (bioteaching). It is also not the first time it has been suggested that the environment can affect the actual being. Neuroplasticity, first suggested about 120 years ago, https://cipdnap.wordpress.com/2015/05/11/more-great-stuff-about-the-brain/
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The two topics that I will discuss are the biological theory focusing on structures of the brain and also

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As particular circuits in our brain strengthen through the repetition of a physical or mental activity, they begin to transform that activity into a habit” (34). Carr establishes his idea of neuroplasticity by providing a test performed by neuroscientist, Michael Merzenich. He observed monkeys with damage to the nerves in their fingers. When a portion of the hurt monkeys’ hands were affected, the indication became disordered because of the way their brains and their fingers were being stimulated. Amazingly, the monkeys adjusted the psychological misperception by their selves.

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Neuroplasticity is the define as a production of new neural pathway to adapt as it needs. This process is ongoing throughout the lifetime. Neuroplastic changes can occur at the small scale like physical changes to individual neurons or the whole brain like cortical remapping in response to the injury. Neuroplasticity is recognised by two different terms: syneptic neuroplasticit, which refers to changes in how neurons connect to each other, and non-synaptic plasticity,

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In Freakonomics, by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner, the reader is introduced to the idea that economics is everywhere and can be found in places where you'd never think of. The book explains that economics is the study of incentives, and shows how motives can affect human behaviors. It's broken down into different types of incentives-- economic, social and moral. Economists often change incentives to try to affect human behavior, though an incentive can cause unforeseen consequences. In Chapter 1, the authors use a daycare in Israel, where parents are charged a $3 fine if they're late picking up their kids.

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I was intrigued by the parallels that could be drawn between us as a species and our fellow mammals (neurologically speaking) and so began to dig deeper into the area of study. I was surprised at how varied the specialisms of neuroscientists were

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Epigenetics is just recently come into a scientific field of interest; research only began seriously in the mid 1990s, and has began to see more acceptance in the scientific community recently. Epigenetics the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression by addition of a methyl group rather than alteration of the gene itself. With primary focus of research directed more toward cancer and other serious life threatening diseases, bacterium has taken a backseat. The traditional path of research has seemingly passed the bacterial domain with little research completed in the field of epigenetics. Classical genetics can be defined as highly regulated cellular processes, mechanism include gene expression and DNA replication.

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The study of differences in gene expression related to environment and experience called epigenetics. Epigenetic factors do not change your genes, but they do influence how your genes express the traits you’ve inherited from your parents. Epigenetic changes can persist throughout a lifetime, and the cumulative effects can make dramatic differences in how your genes work. Mutation causes the changes of genes such that withdrawal of a particular species to a more genetic characteristics. 3.

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As many things in science, a new discovery has been made. By accident. Scientists used optogenetics to alter the brain activities of a mouse. The lab previously studied a group of neurons in a part of the brain called the amygdala. The research and purpose of the experiment was to recognize how fear was linked to this part of the brain in both mice and humans.

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What are Epigenetics? What are epigenetics? In an article by Current Science, entitled “Tag Team,” by Kirsten Weir, scientists at Duke University did an experiment. There are two mice.

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Introduction The idea of neuroplasticity has sparked interest in utilizing its power to cure diseases that were once thought as incurable. Neuroplasticity is the brains ability to reorganize itself by making new neuronal pathways. The exploration of behavioral therapies concerning the neuroplasticity of the brain towards the rehabilitation of stroke victims is important in today’s society. Since, the possibility in creating new scientific discoveries will aid in the recovery of post stroke patients suffering from debilitating consequences following a stroke.

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How far will the DNA revolution go? The list of basic chemicals that make up a human being is not just something that a scientist can decode in a matter of seconds. Although DNA technology is advancing rapidly, it takes years or even decades to prove a new theory about DNA. The science of DNA and its advantages has revolutionized modern criminal law and medical research in every characteristic. Compared over the past 10 years DNA technology is now widely used by police, prosecutors, defense counsel, and courts in the United States and other countries around the world.

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In this sense, biologists have discovered that humans, along with animals, are extensively instinctual with their thinking processes and actions, especially in primitive eras when survival was the only worry in life. This means that some of our knowledge came from inborn factors that carry us through ensuring our safety like the “fight-or-flight” response when faced with danger. Also, biologists have found anatomical support that describe our mental processes within our minds. Their primary conclusions circulate around neurons and neurotransmitters (Byrne). These microscopic particles in our brain come in quantities of millions and send messages all throughout our brain.

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Psychology: Advances in Neuroscience (Secrets of the Brain, National Geographic, February 2014) The motivation in this discovery was the neuroscientist wanting to know exactly how the neurons worked in the brain. They just wondered how the brain works? What makes our bodies run the way they do? And why does one person end up with autism, and if it is a disconnection in the brain or something else?

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"The fact that noted scientists and intellectuals are advocating genetic manipulation to enhance human traits is irresponsible in the extreme." Warns Dr Stuart Newman, professor of cell biology and anatomy at the New York Medical college and chair of the Human Genetic Committee of Cambridge, Massachusetts based Council for Responsible Genetics. I agree with his point that manipulating human genes has much negative effects and is also unethical to be carried out, hence these acts should not be encouraged as a practice.   In Leukemia case, it is highly unethical because not only is it against the Children's right, it also harms both the mental and physical development of the donor child when he or she is treated merely as a cell bank. According

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Epigenetics is the study of how some circumstances in life can cause genes to be either turned on or turned off. Circumstances like where one lives, teratogens (environmental toxins) (Siegler et al., 2014), or what one eats can potentially cause modifications to the genes that either turn on or off specific genes over a period of time. In other words, people often think their “fixed” a birth, however experiences play a vital role in gene expression. Epigenetics can affect development because depending on one’s life experiences it can change the course for better or worse.

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