Psychological Approach: A Psychological Analysis

The biological approach clarifies the behaviour in terms of biological processes within the body and it focuses on genes, chemicals like hormones and the brain. The only approaches in psychology that examine behaviours, feelings, and thoughts from a biological and physical point of view. Nevertheless, explains the aggressive behaviour in terms of hormones testosterone. The other one is sleep and it is a repair state of consciousness during which the body less active and less responsive to the outside world. Sleep is part of circadian rhythm which happens once in 24 hours. (1) p. 18. (2) p. 210

One of the sleep theories is restoration theory. It has been summarised by Oswald in 1966. The theory states that all animals sleep because they do allow

The psychoanalytic approach is interested in the unconscious mind. It states that it is the unconscious, while the ego is conscious. During the sleep, the id becomes dominant, and the id’s main motivation according to Freud’s work on the interpretation of dreams in 1900 which reveal our unconscious wishes and fantasies. Freud believed that dreams involve wish fulfilment, which means the wishes that have been thwarted in the reality. Psychoanalysts believe that only some thoughts are truly inaccessible. There are others that can become conscious under the right conditions as known as preconscious thoughts. Most of the memories of the real life are memories of dreams.

There are strengths and weaknesses of the psychoanalytic approach. The strengths are it is impacted in terms of popular understanding of dreams. Also, many observations of psychodynamic therapists appear to be borne out in everyday life such as defence mechanisms. While the weaknesses of this approach that it is difficult to test, limited objectives approach and reductionist which means that it neglects to explain the complexities of the mind such as the nightmares. (1) p.

Sleep serves to re-energize the body's cells, clear waste from the brain, and support learning and memory. It even plays vital roles in regulating mood, appetite and libido. There are main areas of the brain that control sleep. One of these areas is Suprachiasmatic nuclear (SCN) which are a group of neurons in the Hypothalamus of the brain. The one responsible for the release of Melatonin called the pineal gland. Also, Melatonin which is the sleep hormone and the daylight which plays a big part in the release of Melatonin. During sleep, circadian rhythm can be affected by internal factors which are known as endogenous pacemakers such as food taken and depression. On the other hand, there are external factors which called exogenous zeitgebers such as noise, temperature and sunlight or darkness.

During sleep, the brain passes through five stages until reaches REM sleep when dreams occur. Stage 1, when the body begins to enter theta, which is still a relatively light period between being awake and asleep. Some people fall asleep after 7 minutes and others sooner or longer. Stage 2, when the brain begins to produce very short periods of rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity known as sleep Spindles. Also, the body temperature begins dropping and heart rate starts to calm