The article is called “The Influence of Psychopathic Personality Traits, Low Self-Control, and Non shared Environmental Factors on Criminal Involvement” It looks to see if their are any correlations between criminal involvement and the influence of PPT, self control, and non shared environment factors. They used monozygous otherwise known as identical twins so that genes would stay constant while environment would differ. They wanted to test out environmental and personality variables instead of genetic variables. It’s a longitudinal study that was conducted with monozygous twins over the course of four waves. The first wave being surveyed in 1994 while the participants were 10-18 years old. The second wave in 1996 the participants were surveyed when they were 13-21. The third wave surveyed the twins in 2001 when they were 18-26 years old . The fourth and final wave was in 2007 when the participants were 24 - 32 years old. Many other studies have researched this topic but most of them never put into account genetic confounding. With genetic confounding there is a mix of nature and nurture than just one. In this study the author hypothesized that there is a correlation between characteristics and environment factor during childhood and involvement in criminal behavior later during adulthood. The variables that were controlled were either character traits or non-shared environmental influences during childhood. The characteristics involve psychopathic personality traits and low self-control. Then the non-shared environments are Maternal attachment, involvement, or rejection, parental permissiveness, and delinquent peers. People with low self control are usually impulsive irresponsible, self-centered, insensitive …show more content…
Looking at the criminal involvement of the participants on Wave 4, the researchers could see if any of the 23 items were shown. If