Throughout history, perceptions and beliefs regarding disability have evolved significantly. By examining historical sources and Shakespearean scholarship, this paper aims to shed light on the prevailing attitudes toward physical disabilities during medieval times and their influence on Richard III's character depiction.
In medieval times, the perception of disability was heavily influenced by religious and cultural beliefs. Disability was often associated with divine punishment, sin, or supernatural forces. People with disabilities were regarded as marginalized and were often stigmatized by society. According to historical accounts, individuals with physical disabilities, such as birth defects or crooked spines, were often seen as bearers of evil omens or signs of divine disapproval.
Religious beliefs played a significant role
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Although the historical accuracy of Richard's physical appearance is debated, Shakespeare's portrayal accentuates the notion that disability was closely linked to evil intentions and malevolence.
Richard's physical deformity becomes a symbol of his inner corruption and moral decay, reinforcing the medieval belief that physical disabilities were visible manifestations of one's moral character. By equating disability with villainy, Shakespeare uses Richard III's physical appearance as a visual representation of his twisted personality, effectively emphasizing the moral dimensions of disability prevalent during medieval times.
Scholars have offered various interpretations of Richard III's physical deformity in Shakespeare's play. Some argue that Richard's hunchback serves as a metaphorical device to highlight his alienation from society and the inherent flaws in the political system. Others suggest that Richard's deformity is a visual embodiment of his twisted ambition and ruthless pursuit of