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Role Of Atp In Muscle Contraction

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Then, turn back to your text and read the rest of 8.3 (energy sources for contraction) and 8.4 muscular responses. Answer the following:

Discuss the specific roles of ATP in generating a muscle response to a nerve signal.
ATP provides the energy necessary for contraction. However the muscle fibers only contain enough ATP for a short period of contraction. When new ATP arrives it allows the myosin and actin to release with stored energy for the next movement. In the HEAD the ATP is hydrolyzed which re-cocks the lever arm. This newly released energy from the hydrolization is stored in ADP+Pi. This done by creatine phosphate. It is several times more abundant then ATP is the muscle fibers. Creatine phosphate stores energy in the mitochondria. When the ATP supply is sufficient an enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of of creatine phosphate which stores excess energy in its phosphate bonds. As the ATP decomposes the creatine phosphate energy transfers to ADP molecules which become ATP. However there is a finite supply of this and once exhausted energy is taken from glucose by cellular respiration to synthesize ATP. …show more content…

Discuss the specific roles of calcium in generating useful muscle contractions. Calcium diffuse into the muscle fiber’s sacroplasm through T-Tubules previously opened by the Na+ or Sodium. In the presence of a high concentration of calcium the troponin and tropomyosin interact in some way and calcium ends up bound in some way to the troposin and the tropomyson is pulled aside exposing the binding sites for the myosin

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As muscle contractions occur they myosin filaments bind and attach to the actin filaments Myofibril is the contractile threads found in striated muscle cells and a segment of myofibril is called a sarcomere. The role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is storing calcium ions, as well as releasing calcium ions during muscle contractions and reabsorbing calcium ions when the muscles relax. Actin is a protein that forms the thin filament in muscle cells. Thin filaments are made up of two long chains of actin molecules that are twisted around one another.

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Myosin cross bridges stretches out from the thick fibers to re slim fibers. Very still, the cross bridges are not connected to actin. The cross-bridge heads capacity as ATPase enzymes. ATP is split into ADP and Pi enacting the cross bridge. At the point when the actuated cross bridges connect to actin, they discharge Pi and experience a power stroke.

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The influx of Ca2+ leads to further increase of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through calcium release channels. The T tubules have voltage gated calcium channels that undergo conformational change when the T tubules conduct action potential. This causes calcium release channels to open releasing Ca2+ into the cytoplasm. The free intracellular Ca2+ bind to troponin causing a conformational change in the troponin/tropomyosin complex. The change leads to actin interacting with myosin and the sarcomere shortens resulting in contraction

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The muscles contract when the brain signals and the body will pull calcium from the blood into the muscle cells. The calcium will then bind with the troponin, a complex of three regulatory proteins important to muscle contraction, which then draws it

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