Roller coasters have been providing riders with unexpected thrills of a lifetime since the construction of the first roller coaster appearing in Russia during the 17th century. Starting as just large flat slates of ice covering various wooden staircases in which people would ride down them in wooden unhinged boxes, roller coasters have evolved into the ultimate metal scream machines seen worldwide today. Although roller coasters are constructed and maintained carefully more now than they have in the past, theme park enthusiasts and civil engineers work endlessly to keep the thrilling fear factor alive in their changing designs. Fear plays a large role in the physics of creating these one of a kind scream machines. When danger is sensed in