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School To Prison Pipeline Summary

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The School-to-Prison Pipeline: A Primer for Social Workers, a study by Susan McCarter (2017), was written to give a summary of the School-to-prison pipeline in an attempt to break down the factors surrounding children being funneled into this path by their respective school systems around the country. The author explains the correlation between the School-to-prison pipeline and its disparate outcomes for students of color, students with disabilities, and students who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (p. 54-55). McCarter presents implications for social workers and multiple specific strategies to reduce the detrimental effects of the School-to-prison pipeline. Susan McCarter, PhD, MSW, is an associate professor …show more content…

53). The research used students of all ages, races, sex, and sexual orientation and identity. The subjects were not chosen based off any specific criteria other than the fact that they attend the public school system within the United States (p. 53). The study was carried out through analyzing public records data, such as the U.S. Department of Education for Civil Rights, in order to determine the number of students suspended within a time period, within what grades were they suspended in, and the reason for their suspension (p. 53-54). McCarter also incorporated research from various authors into her own in order to draw accurate conclusions of the negative consequences that zero-tolerance policies, high-stakes testing, school climate, the increased presence of SROs and their adverse effects on students (p. …show more content…

McCarter describes thoroughly the consequences STPP has on the nation’s school-age youth, including but not limited to increased exposure the criminal justice system, and gives solutions that schools can implement that will hopefully limit the overwhelming amount of students coming in contact with the STPP. The article proves that zero tolerance policies are not conducive to a safe school environment and does not foster a safe learning climate for

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The Juvenile Division is filled with a team of advocates specifically for their children in order to address their needs in school. They also have social workers, and court advocates that represent on their behalf in order to provide assistance for the child. If a student is having problems within the school, Powers says they work “collaboratively” with the school and the student in order to address any critical issues: violence within the school, Individual Education Plan (IEP), Probation, family therapy, “also by working with the needs of the family and not just the needs of the child is very important”. Ms. Powers recognizes the underlying factors that leads to delinquency in juveniles may be due to

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Seeing as many of these “at-risk” youth lack educational goals, this is a great and effective way of laying out possible future goals and educational paths. As a result of the Cops Mentoring Kids program, there has and continues to be a drastic increase in class attendance, healthier attitudes toward school and home, and probability to enroll in college. This program also introduces a decrease in liability to skip school, use of alcohol, “tempt to initiate drug use, and incline to strike another person” (Sanchez, 2017). Thanks to Hollywood, Florida, Police Department (HPD), over 20,000 at risk youth have participated and benefited from this miraculous program (Sanchez, 2017). The CMK program has been a lifesaver for many youth and their families, therefore this program deserves to be recognize and

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In the journal article, “School Strictness and Disproportionate Minority Contact: Investigating Racial and Ethnic Disparities With the ‘‘School-to-Prison Pipeline” talks about how in schools with higher minority ratings have more prison like features such as, security or police officers within the schools, surveillance cameras and strict disciplines that must be obtained. Policing black lives and this article both share the same ideas on the topic of how minorities are treated in the educational system. The article explains

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Metze, P. S. (2017). Plugging the School to Prison Pipeline by Addressing Cultural Racism in Public Education Discipline. HeinOnline, 16, 203-312. Retrieved January 12, 2017. https://jjlp.law.ucdavis.edu/archives/vol-16-no-1/PMetze%20-Plugging%20the%20School%20to%20Prison%20Pipeline%20.pdf

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In order to begin the process of answering the research question, I had to watch some documentary on school-to-prison-pipeline and read many scholarly articles to compare the data of the effect of children when they are placed into the criminal justice system at a very young age. My first documentary was Inside Out with Susan Modaress on School to Prison Pipeline, in 2002, there were nearly 126,000 juveniles imprisoned in youth detention facilities, nearly 500,000 juveniles are taken to detention centers every year, this does not show the juveniles who have been tried as adults (Modaress, 2014). These juveniles are being brought to detention centers for a minor offense they commit in schools, for example, talking back to the teacher, wearing

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The cradle to prison pipeline is a process in which specific newborns (as they age) will be arrested and will be sent to prison. Cradle to prison pipeline demonstrates the likelihood of the incarceration of Latinos and African Americans. The process has a minimal effect towards whites, but a significant effect towards Latinos and African Americans. Since many minorities live in poor neighborhoods, the cradle to pipeline method will more likely occur than whites living in wealthy neighborhoods. The cradle to prison pipeline is an example of regulating the poor and lower classes.

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Furthermore, this leaves room for states to implement their own practices and ways to address status offenders. It has also been argued that the Act “fractured the juvenile justice system so that officials in the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare handled white, middle-income youth” (Hinton, 2015, p. 816). Programs which labeled white youths as “children in trouble” marked minority youths as “chronic offenders” who were deemed a danger to society, and tried as an adult. The exceptions and revisions that have been made to the Act make it possible for repeat status offenders to be detained in secure

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747 Words | 3 Pages

In the essay, Reflection From a Life Behind Bars: Build Colleges, Not Prisons, the author James Gilligan was a director of mental health for the Massachusetts prison system, and he argues that prisons should be torn down and become boarding schools for the inmates to receive as much education as they want. He explains how kids who experience violence, grow up as violent adults, and he questioned why we continue to use violence against adults hoping it stops them from being violent. There’s evidence that the most successful programs for preventing recidivism are ones where inmates receive college degrees. The prisons are also extremely inhumane in the environment, as Gilligan compares them to zoos. All these reasons Gilligan gives for his argument

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The school to prison pipeline is an organized nationwide system consisting of local, state and federal education. It is also formed to drive students out of school and into the criminal and juvenile systems, which may result in students dropping out of school early. The school to prison pipeline mainly targets students who are of color and those who struggle with some form of disability. This system is disturbing because, there is nothing being accomplished by removing students from education, which will eventually cause them to struggle before adulthood and even after they reach this point of life. The school to prison pipeline is detrimental because, students may drop out of school, be subject to relying on government assistance to survive, and disregard the decision to further their education because of past experiences.

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The public school to prison pipeline was examined in the literature review through zero-tolerance policies and the effects it has played on graduation rates. Zero-tolerance policies have dramatically increased students being recommended to the court system according to the literature review. The literature review has shown a need for school districts to examine zero-tolerance policies and the negative effects that it has caused on students. Fran Silverman (2005) discusses students being punished under zero-tolerance and says, “The students were disciplined under their school’s zero tolerance policy and some advocates are saying these codes of conduct have become so strict that schools are turning into criminal justice systems, or worse, jailhouses” (pg. 54).

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The Youth and School Resource Officers School Resource Officers (SROs) are sworn police officers trained to serve and protect the community. As such, they have a duty to serve and protect schools within their jurisdiction as part of a total community-policing strategy. Research has shown that the youth with healthy relationships and “protective factors” have a reduced chance of becoming involved in serious delinquency. These “protective factors” include adding school resource officers to school campuses with the growing number of at-risk students. It is important for schools to have SROs because the SRO’s role on school campus is keeping students safe and supporting the education mission not only as law enforcement officer but also as a teacher and a counselor.

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1728 Words | 7 Pages

Within the urban communities, negative perceptions are magnified. Adolescents are more prone to be a product of their environment, especially those whose parents are incarcerated. Because of this trend adolescents are being incarcerated at an alarming rate and sentenced to adult facilities. Lambie & Randall (2013) states, the United States have imposed harsher penalties on serious young offenders, and have consequently increased rates of incarcerated youth and made it easier for youth to be treated and incarcerated as adults within the justice

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276 Words | 2 Pages

Youth of color specifically are at an increased risk of being suspended at an extended time out of schools. Consequently, they are casted into the streets, which ultimately sends them into juvenile detentions or into prison. The problem of racial and ethnic disproportionality in the discipline of schools is not new issue. In 1974, in one of the earliest investigations of disciplinary policies and practices, “the Children’s Defense Fund revealed that suspension rates for African American students were between two and three times higher than those for white students”( Thomas Rudd February 05, 2015) Ongoing research are still showing that in many places, this problem have worsened significantly.

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In this study researchers analyze two different gang prevention programs which are the truancy reduction program and the school resource and officer program. The researchers measured their program efficiency by using a ratio of the cost of juvenile crime over the cost of the program. The S.R.O.P. and T.R.P. are typical school-police collaboration programs. The S.R.O.P. is a program that teaches students about drugs, alcohol use, and resisting peer pressure. The T.R.P. aim is to control daytime juvenile offenses, if they are in school then they won’t be able to commit crimes.

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It remains to be seen if zero tolerance policies nationwide will be relaxed or replaced with a more lenient and rehabilitation-oriented approach; perhaps the recent "thaw" will lead into another freeze. Lawmakers and administrators should, however, keep in mind that a school system that has too much in common with jail may end up producing students who are all too ready to become

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