Both developed innovations in city development and Military conquest that nations looked to for millenniums to come. The first kingdom to rise was the Han Dynasty. Its predecessor the Qin, conquered neighboring states in 221 BCE and establish a unified kingdom through legalism. The Qin outlawed any outside thinking and banned the teachings of Confucius, but also
Qin Shi Huangdi was the first emperor to unify all regions of China into one single empire, taking drastic steps and measures to achieve this aim. He conquered six kingdoms and survived many attempts on his life. Through his barbarity and brutality, he had earned himself the title of the most successful and influential man of China. The State of Qin believed in a political philosophy called Legalism, which justified strict and centralized control and using the people to strengthen Qin. They believed that part of strengthening his rule was to force everyone to simply obey, not speak out against him and by decreeing even how people could write, what they could believe and what they could do.
The Yuan dynasty also known as the Mongol dynasty, was considered a brief irrelevance in China’s long history. There are many arguments to say that the Yuan dynasty did in fact make its mark on China’s history. Whereas others argue that the Yuan dynasty was in fact, a irrelevance in China’s history that does not need to be as noted as other dynasties of greater importance. The Yuan dynasty came to pass after the Song dynasty was destroyed by the Mongols river battles and sieges against them. This was only the start of the Mongols reign and need of power.
The Qin Dynasty was ruled by a legalist who came to power and strongly led China. Qin Shi Huang worked tirelessly to try and come to power for the vision he had, never had China been so vast and powerful. He built magnificent palaces for himself, constructed defenses, directed campaigns, and traveled on extensive tours just to come up with the power to rule China and follow his vision. Source 3 shows that Qin Shi Huang took over
After the French and Indian war, there were a lot of problems that lead to the undoing of Britain’s hold over the colonies. Among many other reasons, one big problem the colonists had with Britain after the war was the fact that they kept good relations with the Indians. This angered many colonists because of the atrocities done to them by the Indians. These relations ended up leading to many conflicts including Pontiacs Rebellion and the Paxton boys’ retaliation. The three major reasons the British Empire started to disintegrate after the war though were: The problem of paying the massive debt of the war, the peace treaty and the argument of whether to purse French possession in the Caribbean or Canada, and how to administer new lands gained
The Qin dynasty succeeded the Warring States Period (475 BCE - 221) (Britannica, Warring States, 2014, 2018), and the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BC) (Britannica, Spring and Autumn Period, 2017, 2018). During the Warring States and Spring and Autumn Periods, there was a massive power vacuum and several different states were locked in a struggle for control over China. The most prominent state during the Warring States Period was the Qin state, they revised the governing methods of the once influential state of Zhou. They made changes to land distribution, power distribution, education of the common folk, trade, and units of measurement throughout China. The changes made by Qin Shi Huang are what made him successfully unify China.
However, before he unified China, he faced a challenge while becoming king of the state of Qin. When he finally came of age and was able to become king, he faced a coup from his father’s chancellor and his mother as well as others (“Shi Huangdi Becomes Emperor”). If he had not been able to overcome this challenge, the whole history of China could have turned out completely differently. Of course, once he became king, he faced the challenge of actually unifying the six endlessly warring states. With Li Si as his adviser, Qin was able to conquer the other kingdoms between 230 B.C. and 221 B.C. and was able to unify China into one country, becoming the first emperor (“Qin Shi Huang-Di”).
There where many factors that led China to political unification in contrast to India. One factor is, dynasties such as the Zhou Dynasty who kept the same political system as its predecessors, where India had changed many things and continued to change political and social systems. India was very fragmented in political unification because, India was and still is a land of diversity. Ancient India was also not as organized as Ancient China in ruling. When the Zhou kingdom had started to end and break apart into many powerful states a “relativity young state of Qin located in the original homeland of the Zhou, emerged as a key player in conflicts”(p.
In ancient china there were two widely different philosophes being so excepted within the same culture. The two philosophes were Confucianism and Legalism. Confucianism was during 55 B, in China. Legalism was during 475-221 BC, also in China. Confucianism is a belief or an idea.
China, up until the Qin Dynasty, consisted of independent states controlled by kings fighting each other for land and power. This time period was called The Era of Warring States, which lasted two hundred years. After this time, the Qin Dynasty rose to power. They conquered all other dynasties, and established a centralized government, unifying China for the first time. The dynasty that succeeded the Qin, the Han, continued the centralized government and they started a westward expansion that would encourage trade and cultural diffusion.
The Hsia Dynasty considered the first dynasty in China. However this dynasty is legendary because there is little archeological evidence to support existence. It is dated from 2205 BCE to 1760 BCE. According to the legend Yu was the wise king who invented a way to control flooding of the Huang He River so that people could live there. Since there is very little evidence to support the story, the second dynasty, called the Shang Dynasty, is the first one recorded
A comparison of the concept of the legitimacy of power as treated in two of the most significant political philosophies of classical China: Confucianism and Legalism. The writer finds that a specific group of the population—the scholar-officials—assume a specialized role in the two systems, acting as a legitimating group. He compares rites and laws as a way of attaining social order and also morality versus punish
Confucianism also teaches about the necessary principles of governing. In Legalism, the most important principles to governing properly are having clear laws that are firmly imposed and possessing a strong military. Confucius agrees that a military is one of the necessary governing principles. When asked about governing principles he lists three things: sufficient food, an ample military, and trust people have for the governmental powers (Confucius Speaks, 88). However, probably much to the disagreement of Legalists, the military is the first thing Confucius knocks of the list, seeing it as the most unessential of the three (Confucius Speaks, 88).
During the Warring State period of China, there were many philosophers who had different views of the governmental system. Legalism, argued by Han Feizi during the Warring State period of China, originated from the idea that humans must be governed by some strong external governmental power. On the other hand, Confucianism put more importance on living by virtue rather than the law itself. Thus, the view of humans of whether they can be trusted or not to govern themselves can hugely affect the governing style of a country. Even though countries are no longer run by certain philosophical ideas, the diverse views on humans or citizens play crucial roles in deciding the ways to attain an unprejudiced society for everyone, the foundation of law;
Men make laws to instill order in a society and prevent chaos in any shape or form. Naturally, laws will always be somewhat unjust because it is impossible to consistently construct laws that directly and equally benefit all members of a society. There will always be a majority that makes the laws and a minority that has to obey the laws. Although laws are usually the standard of morality by which we live by, they must be disobeyed in certain situations. These situations are, but not limited to, an undemocratic formation of aforementioned laws, laws that are inherently unjust according to human law which can be synonymous with God’s law.
