The Egyptian civilization and Mesopotamia, which is often known as the Fertile Crescent, are the most significant civilizations recognized in the world. They are both located in the same region of north and middle Africa and therefore they are closely interlink, (Coleman, Callaham & Crossley, 54). Consequently the two civilizations played a role in influencing each other. The two civilizations maintained their individual identities but they shared several similarities as well as differences in terms of their social structure, religion and geography.
Both the two civilizations had similar social structures. These are the ways that were used to organize the society. There was a labor class for the both civilization which included slavery. Slavery in the both was not based on race but rather on the prisoners-of-war who were captured. There was also sometimes whereby children would be sold as slaves in order for the parents to pay off debts. The lower class in the both was comprised of the merchants, the bakers, the brewers and the farmers. The middle class was comprised of the scribes. These were people who could write the architects and the wealthier merchants. The upper class was of the nobles and the clergy and then there was the ruling class.
The difference between the two occurred in the fact that in the ruling class, Mesopotamia was ruled by a king while Egypt had a pharaoh. In Mesopotamia, the kings who ruled would claim that they are the representatives of the gods