Experiencing traumatizing situations repeatedly, especially events as despicable as those witnessed by the men of Police Battalion 101, causes psychological issues and the mind must protect itself to survive; one way that an individual’s mind prevents mental break-downs is through desensitization. After viewing numerous executions, it is likely that the men became desensitized to the killing process. Stanley Milgram’s electroshock study presents another possible explanation for the men’s behavior: following orders and obeying authority are ingrained within most individuals. If an individual in an authority position orders some to complete a task, it is difficult not to comply, especially when all or most your peers take part. Social factors strongly impact many aspects of a person’s behavior and affected the men’s decisions to murder the
In the article of “The Perils of Obedience”, written by Stanley Milgram, the experimenter explains that the experiment is to see how far a person could hurt a victim in a situation where he is ordered to do so. Also, in the article “The Stanford Prison
There were two groups in this experiment, the teachers and students. All of the volunteers to the experiments were the teachers and they had some actors play the students. The idea was to punish the students for their wrong answer through a shock treatment (http://nature.berkeley.edu/ucce50/ag-labor/7article/article35.htm 1). Throughout the experiment, they began to realize that the “test subjects”
Psychologist, Stanley Milgram, wanted to know if people would cause harm on other humans simply because they were ordered to do so (he was inspired by Nazi soldiers, who corrected their actions in World War II by saying they were just following orders). Milgram designed an experiment where participants were told they were testing a learning technique, where a student had to learn a word pattern, and were punished by electric shock if they got the answer wrong. The “student” was an assistant of Milgram’s, but the participant, who was the “teacher” and the person to give the electric shock, thought this person was just an innocent participant. The teacher would read out a question, and if the student (who sat in an adjacent room, where they
William Lycan and John Searle both have different views about the possibility of Artificial Intelligence which they disagree on. Artificial Intelligence is the science of designing machines to perform tasks that humans usually do that require intelligence. The only common belief the two philosophers have is that they believe the only thing that is relevant or even exist is physical properties. Lycan believes we can build a computer that is literally a human mind, and claims that the mind, which is nothing more than a physical entity, is important due to its functions and what it’s capable of doing other than what it is created from. His strongest argument is based on the experiment about Harry, which whom looks like a human-being but is actually a sort of robot.
I decided to conduct my research on the Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE). This study was conducted in August of 1971 by a psychology professor named Phillip Zimbardo. The bases of the study was to focus on the psychology of human behavior, more specifically psychological effects between prison guard and prisoner. The experiment was to last 2 weeks but only lasted 6 days, due to dangerous behavior between the guards and prisoners. Twenty-four people volunteer to participate in the study, out of this group, they were randomly selected to be either prisoner or prison guard.
The Stanford Prison Experiment was conducted in 1971 and led by Philip Zimbardo, a psychology professor. The questions of the experiment were what happens when you put good people in an evil place; does the situation outside of you come to control your behavior, or do the things outside of you such as your attitude, values, and morality allow you to rise above a negative environment, and how do we respond to authority? It past psychology experiments it had already been shown that people have a respect for authoritative figures. People will listen to a person who is an authority even if it goes against their morality. This was the basis of the Stanford Experiment.
Criminal Justice Psychologist The psychologist is a vital asset to the criminal justice system. The psychologist can examine victims, police officials and various witnesses thus making them ethically obligated to make the right decisions and evaluations. This essay will discuss the roles of psychologist as they work within the criminal justice system. I will Identify and describe the psychologists’ roles within the criminal justice system as it pertains to the applied scientist, the basic scientist, the policy evaluator, and the advocate.
A psychologist named Stanley Milgram carried out an experiment focusing on the conflict between obedience and personal conscience. Three people were involved in this experiment: a teacher, a learner and an experimenter. The learner and experimenter were actors so that it was rigged for the participant to be the teacher. In this experiment, the learner has a list of paired words where the teacher names a word, awaiting the answer to be the paired word. If incorrect, a shock is to be administered, increasing with every wrong answer to a potential of 450 volts, which could kill a human.
While arguably one of the defining psychological studies of the 20th Century, the research was not without flaws. Almost immediately the study became a subject for debate amongst psychologists who argued that the research was both ethically flawed and its lack of diversity meant it could not be generalized. Ethically, a significant critique of the experiment is that the participants actually believed they were administering serious harm to a real person, completely unaware that the learner was in fact acting. Although Milgram argued that the illusion was a necessary part of the experiment to study the participants’ reaction, they were exposed to a highly stressful situation. Many were visibly distraught throughout the duration of the test
Latane and Darley used this method to examine bystanders behaviour. (Latane and Darley, 1970, cited in Jovan Byford, 2014, p. 229 - 234) Latane and Darley counted the number of participants in each condition who responded to the staged emergency within two minutes in the experiment that they created. They compared the outcomes from each condition and presented the finding of their experiment in the form of graphs and numbers. (Latane and Darley, 1970, cited in Jovan Byford, 2014, p. 229 - 231) Therefore, the experimental method, without a shadow of a doubt is a quantitative method and it is thought to uncover the general
One of the most infamous experiments conducted in the history of psychology was the Stanford Prison Experiment. The main objective of this experiment was to see what effects would occur when a psychological experiment into human nature was performed. As I read through the material provided, I noticed that my thoughts on the matter were similar to many; that it was a complete failure as a scientific research project. However, his findings did provide us with something much more important that is still being talked about today; insight into human psychology and social behavior.
Candy, ice cream, and cake contain sugar. A thousand years ago sugar was used in many things such as medical purpose and spice. When Hindu discovered sugar in 500 AD, they took it many places of the world, so it started to spread. While it was spreading around the world it became a luxury product for people. As a result a British colonists called sugar “white gold”.
It showed how normal civilians acted when they were given authority over others. Even the most cordial, intelligent people can take on an evil, machiavellianistic nature when introduced to a dominant role in an individualized setting. This experiment taught psychologists so many things about human behavior and the prison system. It is an event that is taught in classrooms all over the world. While some people question the ethics of the experiment, it paved the way for more understanding as well as the reform of psychological practices
Eye witness identification involves selecting an accused perpetrator from a police line up, sketch or being at the crime scene during the murder time. After selecting a suspect, witnesses are asked to make a formal statement confirming the ID of the suspect (s) or other surrounding details which the eyewitness can testify in court. Eyewitnesses are always required to testify in court but eyewitnesses with psychological disorders, substance dependancy are at a higher chance of identifying the wrong suspect therefore wrongfully assisting convict the perpetrator in the wrong (Hal Arkowitz, Scott O. Lilienfeld, January 1, 2010). Anxiety or stress is always associated with crimes involving traumatic events that have previously taken place.
