ipl-logo

Speciation In Allopatry

685 Words3 Pages

Speciation is the divergence of a population into different species through the process of evolution. It occurs in two ways: allopatry and sympatry. In allopatry, the most common form of speciation, a geographic barrier separates populations of organisms which, over time, evolve into distinct species incapable of interbreeding. Sympatry is a rare form of speciation that is still not fully recognized, but there are a few examples that have been discovered and studied. This form of speciation occurs without geographic barriers. Sympatric speciation is not well attested due to difficulty in determining whether secondary colonization or other introduction of new genetic material has not occurred within a population. One example has been studied extensively and is held as a model of the process of sympatric evolution. …show more content…

Kautt, Gonzalo Machado-Schiaffino, and Axel Meyer at the University of Konstanz in Germany analyzed the genomes of endemic species of Midas cichlids in two Nicaraguan lakes. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the manner and timeline by which these populations of fish diverged. The researchers studied organisms belonging to the species complex of cichlid fish, Amphilophus. These fish live in two isolated crater lakes, Lake Apoyo and Xiloa, and are endemic to the area. Physiology such as body shape, color, and type of food consumed differentiate each species. High crater walls and restricted access to other bodies of water contribute to the closed ecological system that is isolated from possible colonization by other species. However, whether or not the different species found in these lakes are genetically distinct remains uncertain. The population in Lake Apoyo is more ambiguous when compared to the population in Lake Xiloa as the latter is more isolated. Additionally, the species populations within the lake are thought to be monophyletic, having originated from a common

Show More
Related
1371 Words | 6 Pages

Polymorphic Markers in Sailfin Molly at the STR5 Loci Introduction The purpose of this laboratory report is the explain and analyze the process used to determine the heterozygosity and the allele frequency of the SFMSTR5 loci in Sailfin molly, or Poecilia latipinna. Sailfin molly are a species of fish that inhabit fresh and saltwater bodies of water from South Carolina to Texas. The Sailfin molly examined in this experiment were collected from two different locations in Florida. The fish collected in one location are classified as a single population and the fish collected in the second location are classified as a second population.

Read More
988 Words | 4 Pages

The modern humans gained many beneficial traits to help them as they explored into new environments - and may not have survived without the help of the hybridisation. On the other hand, there is not enough fossil evidence of the interbreeding between species, which could suggest that the two species did not interbreed often or when they did interbreed they did not produce

Read More
606 Words | 3 Pages

If a lake is cut from the ocean and has no large fish as predators (only dragonflies), then the sticklebacks will have a better chance at surviving and reproducing because the sticklebacks will be better adapted to the environment (presence/absence of a pelvic bone) and have little to no predators. The hypothesis was supported. Before the experiment started, background knowledge was collected to better the knowledge of the lakes. Bear Paw Lake is an enclosed lake, meaning no predators could get into the lake.

Read More
1117 Words | 5 Pages

The first figure helped understand the location of the different tributaries in the upper Kiamichi River being used in the experiment. The first table helped highlight the point that the known range of O. saxatilis was shown to have increased and that the sympatric species P. tenius inhabits the same streams as O. saxatalis compared to the other sympatric species. Table 2 helped demonstrate that depth and flow velocity differed between riffles and pools especially between the dry and wet periods. This showed that the difference in water levels between riffles and pools could affect the habitat that the crayfish is living in and their preference for a certain environment. The other abiotic factors did not vary dramatically, which showed that they do not affect crayfish distribution.

Read More
532 Words | 3 Pages

An interesting feature of this lake is that it contains no large mouth predators of the fish. Normally, the spines of the fish keep them protected from these predators, but here in Bear Paw Lake, the spines actually decrease the fitness of the fish because the dragonfly larvae living at the lake bottom prey on the fish by grabbing them by their spines. Due to natural selection, eventually the fish in the lake population lost their spines on the undersides of their bodies.1 The fish that had low fitness due to their spines were killed and unable to produce offspring while those without spines or maybe with reduced spines lived long enough to

Read More
1551 Words | 7 Pages

Introduction Biodiversity plays a key a role in the ecosystem (Mace et al. 2011) and aquatic habitats are the most diverse in the world. The species that inhabit these ecosystems have evolved and developed adaptations over millions of years that have helped them survive. In this lab, we endeavored to gain a deeper understanding of the different variables that determine the species composition of two vastly different aquatic ecosystems in Biscayne Bay. Communities that are more biologically diverse seem to be more productive than communities that have less diversity, plus when disaster strikes they tend to maintain a certain level of stability. But, more evidence has been revealed that states that extinctions are changing the key processes

Read More
1561 Words | 7 Pages

The book addresses aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. At the beginning of the text a vocabulary page outlines the essential words for understanding. Bold faced words highlight the key vocabulary. This text contains many opportunities for students to ask question and respond to their reading. Illustrations cover the page to support the text.

Read More
525 Words | 3 Pages

If the genetic aspects of the two populations show significant differences, then it is reasonable to make inference about their divergence. Johnson and Marten (1988) illustrated the differentiation of allopatric populations by examining 41 genetic loci in 11 breeding populations through electrophoresis. By examining the allelic frequency in coastal and interior populations, some alleles appearing in one population with high frequencies do not exist or have low

Read More
1865 Words | 8 Pages

Therefore, the different microclimates created by the different canopies may not be enough to create a different population in each area. Another factor would be human impacts; this can be shown with the Polystichum munitum. The plants have the tendency to grow in areas that are logged more, this could be displayed as the trails in the north were much wider than the south, therefore implying that the north site had more logging done to create the bigger paths. The numbers we saw would support this theory as the north had 154 compared to 39 in the south. This example could show how the human activities in the area have a direct effect on species distribution, in this case causing more of these plants to be in the

Read More
481 Words | 2 Pages

Near the junction between a single ancestral species branching off into two distinctive species, there will undoubtedly be large similarities between the two species. These similarities are expected to diminish over many generations as the two species become reproductively incompatible. However, If we consider the "grey area" that is the time between two strains of a species becoming reproductively distinct, we can why it is so advantageous for distinguishable facial features to arise; distinct facial features serve as a form of genetic authentication that allows identification of individuals with certain genes. These are the exact genotypic traits that must be propagated in a subset of the ancestral species for a budding new species to adapt to a new environment and/or escape the competition for resources from the original ancestral species by developing a niche. Hence, two characterizing features of primates with distinguishable facial features are genetic diversity and capacity for adaptive radiation.

Read More
2140 Words | 9 Pages

This process was termed as ‘Descent with Modifications’ by Charles Darwin. Biological and cultural changes and modifications are what gave rise to modern humans as we know them today. This essay will trace the biological and cultural evolution

Read More
905 Words | 4 Pages

However, the rate at which the species were discovered became less and less. This correlates with the Species Area Relationship (SAR) theory as proposed by Arrhenius. When graphed, in both plots we notice a curve. This to correlates within the SAR theory in a small area. As we did not analyze a large area, which encompassed multiple biomes, we did not find the “s” shape graph, which is evident in figure 1 in the literature review.

Read More
707 Words | 3 Pages

Natural Selection is the process by which organisms that contain an array of traits that have a survival advantage in an environment tend to leave more offspring that can survive to reproduce in the next line of their lineage. Natural selection is a process that is observable which falls into the category of operational science. In short periods of time different organisms were observed. New species have also been observed to prove this theory. “Speciation is the process of change in a population that produces distinct populations which rarely naturally interbreed due to geographic isolation or other factors”.

Read More
1126 Words | 5 Pages

Introduction The theory of evolution has been discussed, evaluated, and researched many times since the theory was first brought to light. Darwin’s theory of evolution is said to be divided into two parts, common decent and natural selection (Bouzat, 2014). Many research papers agreeing with Darwin’s theory comment on the diversity of a species and how they have descended from one common ancestor. Natural selection is a process in which species that are better adapted to the environment tend to survive and reproduce (Dictonary.com).

Read More
2541 Words | 11 Pages

Within the first group, Haplochrominae, there are two subgroups. Both subgroups require different environments which is something that you should consider when setting up the tank. The first one, known as Haps, consists of open water and sand dwelling species. The second subgroup is known as mbuna, which means “rockdwellers”. The Mbuna fish are smaller, and both sexes are often brightly colored, though in some species the females may be brownish overall.

Read More

More about Speciation In Allopatry

Related Topics

Open Document