Recommended: Social psychology on false confession
These fictionalized accounts of a criminal investigation are provided to the public with the intention of gaining financial rewards through the mass production and consumption of entertainment. In appealing to this entertainment factor a myriad of components are considered in the development of crime films and literature. In Old City Hall, Rotenberg’s inclusion of multiple perspectives allows the readers to follow the thought process of the different components that make up the criminal justice system, including legal counsel, police officers, judges, forensic analysists and witnesses. For instance, Rotenberg mentions the techniques often used by both lawyers and detectives in carefully phrasing questions to get a response from a witness or suspect. “He knew what impressed judges and juries most was not a witness who simply read from the notebook, but one who genuinely tried to remember what it was he had seen and heard and felt” (Rotenberg, 2009, p. 247).
One interrogates the actions of the officer in the moment trying to discern their mind-state. We ask ourselves, ‘were they justified in shooting?’ But, in this time of heightened concern around the policing, a more essential question might be, ‘were we justified in sending them?” (Paragraph 1). By adding these questions, he uses ethos to make the reader question the ethics of police shootings and whether the use of police force in certain situations is even necessary.
Have you ever wondered how the United States formed and how history formed everything? Well, one important event in history was the Mexican Cession. The Mexican Cession was a land that the Americans obtained after the Mexican-American war. The Mexican Cession refers to lands surrendered, to the United States by Mexico at the finish of the Mexican War. It was a territory that included California, Nevada, Utah, and also parts of Colorado, Arizona, Wyoming, and New Mexico.
Back in 1971 there was a prison experiment that took place in Stanford University and it explains clearly why these cases happen in the prison and jail environment. Philip Zimbardo, a psychologist did this study to show what kind of behavior happens when they people are given authority and it also shows how they use their power affecting the situation they are put into. In this research paper we are going to visit the case of Los Angeles Men’s central jail and find out what went wrong. We will also take a look into what happened in Abu Gharib prison and see if this is an ongoing trend in the correction facilities. We will then look back on the Stanford Prison study conducted by the psychologist Philip Zimbardo in 1971 to see if this experiment truly proves that behavior does change resulting in the abuse of the inmates by the officers.
Convicting the Innocent: Where Criminal Prosecutions Go Wrong In Brandon L. Garrett 's book, Convicting the Innocent: Where Criminal Prosecutions Go Wrong, he makes it very clear how wrongful convictions occur and how these people have spent many years in prison for crimes they never committed. Garrett presents 250 cases of innocent people who were convicted wrongfully because the prosecutors opposed testing the DNA of those convicted. Garrett provided simple statistics such as graphs, percentages, and charts to help the reader understand just how great of an impact this was.
The police then determine if the suspect is guilty and continuously interrogate, accuse, and even threaten the suspect for hours until they confess, whether they are guilty or not. On many occasions the people who are coerced into false confessions are have severe mental impairments that prevent them from functioning as a normal person with out the impairments would.
Miranda was a pivotal case that helped to establish and protect the rights of individuals in the criminal justice system, and its legacy continues to be felt today. Undeniably, police officers’ main task is to assure everyone is safe and protected at all costs but we must always acknowledge that are our actions should always follow the fundamentals in which we are allowed to act upon. The police officers during the interrogation held Miranda in a room where they were able to get Miranda confess to incriminating crime, the overall span of the interrogation took approximately two hours, and after everything they still manage to get Miranda to sign the written confession. In the eyes of the police officer, they believed they did the right thing because they manage to get the bad person off the street, preventing from another individual being hurt by Miranda but yet their actions also broke some rules. During the whole time of the interrogation, both the officers were aware that they had not read Miranda his rights, not once within the two hours did they decide to stop and advise Miranda of his right or even hint at an individual’s rights to counseling being providing before the actual interrogation or against self-incrimination.
Although, this tactic does not always work, it can cause some problems. Officers are supposed to use the tactic when there is a suspected criminal, but if it turns out there is no criminal it can cause many problems. Officers do not need to persuade the innocent because then the cops are just creating crime witch is the opposite of what they are supposed to do. The main point of this article is that it wants to make the structure and the frame work of the entrapment system clearer and more precise. The article identifies ways to make entrapment more stable and clearer.
In this essay, I will first discuss how Trump’s statement is a realist statement, as it emphasizes on the power struggle between states in an anarchic system and US’s prioritization of self-interests and pursuits of security-maximizing goals in international affairs; however, I will also examine how his statement conflicts with realism, as Trump recognizes the roles of the non-state actors, demonstrates how economic power rather than military might could impact changes in world politics, emphasizes on US’s cooperation with other states through international organizations, and pursues goals that are not only out of self-interests. I will also assess how Trump’s argument is a liberal statement, as the US seems to harbor faith in international
Invasive species, a lot of times invasive species exotic animals whose owners released them after growing bored of them or not being able to care for them any more, but did you know just by enjoying everyday activities like boating and fishing can introduced invasive species like zebra mussels, rock snot(didymo geminata) and Asian carp to name a few. A key factor that makes many species invasive is a lack of predators in the new environment. This is complex and results from evolution over a long time in a different place. Predators and prey often developed their abilities together.
Wrongful convictions are one of the most worrisome and tragic downsides to the Canadian Criminal Justice System. As stated by Campbell & Denov (2016). “cases of wrongful convictions in Canada call into question the ability of our criminal justice system to distinguish between the guilty and innocence” (p. 226). In addition, wrongful convictions can have devastating repercussions on the person, who was found guilty, effecting their personal/public identities, beliefs and family lives. This essay will be examine some of the common factors that apply to the conviction of an innocence person.
To be a good interrogator it requires more than confidence and creativity although it does help, but interrogators are very well trained in the mental tactics of social impact. An interrogators task is to get someone to confess to a crime, but it is not easy. While it isn’t easy for them, sometimes they will end up with confessions from the innocent testifies because of the expertise in psychological manipulation interrogators have. The interrogation process has been manipulated over the years and they are using unethical approaches to gain information or a confession from suspects. But in the law of confessions, it is required that confessions are not coerced but be voluntary so that it is admitted into evidence.
It is easy to learn about a subject from a book, but it is an entirely different matter to learn about a subject through real life experience. I hope to learn how to serve and protect while implementing the law correctly, especially in today’s world when the level of support for police officers is very low and the level of misconduct cases concerning the police are very high. It is not easy to know what to do in every situation, especially when some reactions are needed with very little or no time to think about. It is one thing to hear about a crime happening and the response that would be best to give, and another thing to need
H. Auden, in an essay The Guilty Vicarage, describes how the detective novels depict not just one guilty criminal, but, by putting the of suspicion on each and every member of the closed society, marks each and every member as such. The detective, by identifying the criminal and purging them from the society absolves the guilt of the entire society. According to Auden, the detective absolves not just the suspects of their guilt, but provides the same absolution/salvation to the readers of detective fiction also. Auden thus, points out some of the more unwitting functions of detective fiction, that is, to work as a literary embodiment of a mechanism which assumes everybody to be guilty and thereby the need of subjecting all to confession. In The Murder of Roger Ackroyd, once the confessions from all major characters is extracted, the most significant of all confessions still remains -- that of the murderer.
Police officers have used informants for several different reasons over the years. This tactic has been in practice for many years now with mixed results. Informants can either be an asset or hindrance depending on the situations that unfold during the investigation. Over time we have seen that for the most part using informants can be useful and can help make a case, but we have also seen the down-side where it has made the case fall completely apart in a vicious turn that the officers did not want to happen. In this paper I plan to cover the topics of: the use of informants, the down-side of using informants, how officers can misuse informants, and the benefits of informants.
