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Summary Of The APA Ethics Code 8.2 Informed Consent To Research

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The first ethical imperatives when collecting data listed by Creswell, involves respecting the research site, in that a researcher is expected to leave a research site undisturbed or to minimize the disruption to the site. The second ethical imperative is to ensure that both the participant and researcher benefit from the research being conducted. Next, ethical guidelines require the participants to know that they are actively participating in a research study and should be provided instructions that inform participants of the purpose of the study (Creswell, 2014). This aligns with the APA ethics code 8.02 Informed Consent to Research, which requires the researcher to provide a form to participants prior to participation and addresses the following:
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1 As a practitioner, it is imperative for me to encourage autonomy with the participant’s perspectives toward their treatment experience, where they dictate the directions of their treatment. This would be evidence with the participant’s treatment plan, where (ACA) A.1.c. Counseling Plans: therapists and their participant will agree to conjointly work together toward formulating a treatment plans, ensuring the client an opportunity for a realistic potential to achieve their objectives in accordant to their abilities, temperament, developmental level, and circumstances of client. This would assist the counselor with eliminating whatever barriers in position to inflict harm to the individual. (ACA) A.4.a.

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Mr. Z is 86-years-old, Caucasian male that lives with his wife of 56 years. He values his independence, but recently he been struggling to care for himself. He has a long-standing history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. His wife was concerned because she noticed her husband can no longer drive, is having difficulty walking, and managing his own care and daily medication. She explained that her husband is lethargic, sleepless, having poor appetite and difficulty maintaining his weight.

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In the study “Assessing the quality of informed consent in a resource-limited setting: A cross-sectional study,” researchers investigated the process of obtaining informed consent in clinical and public health research. The method of the study utilized interviews, in which research participants were asked a series of questions after they had been through informed consent procedures. 600 participants were interviewed, and the results show that 5.9% believed that they were not given enough information before deciding to participate. Only 5.7% of the participants said that they had not signed a consent form before making the decision to participate. Interestingly, 33.7% reported that they were not aware of their power to withdraw from participation

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However, the lack of informed consent has raised ethical concerns and led to the establishment of guidelines for obtaining consent in medical research. Today health care providers have a responsibility to obtain informed consent from patients before conducting any medical

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This can make the patient feel like they are in some sort of control (Privacy and Confidentiality). Making the patient feel like they are in control and respected will help establish the trust between the patient and the researcher. Therefore informed consent in the biomedical research is very important to have and should be

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Case #1 It does not appear that Jamie had discussed inform consent as part of her ethical and legal duty to inform the client clearly about confidentiality and the exceptions. Sarah apparently did not know that the sessions were confidential until the session had already started and later you can also tell that she did not know about the exceptions to confidentiality. Although Jamie told her that the sessions were completely confidential, she failed to tell her that there were numerous exceptions and disclosing those limits, both as part of the inform consent contract ……is ethically required. (Younggren and Harris 2005 p.590)

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An important point here is that after the confrontation Dr. Frederick admitted his mistake and for future decisions respect patients and verify that the informed consent is completed and the patient understands the risks they are exposed to, along with that the patient is in his right to change his mind, and if necessary notify it and complete a new consent for the benefit of all, but especially for a patient who is ultimately the one that suffers the physical and emotional damage and for the institution to avoid legal claims. As nurses is our responsibility to monitor the safety of the patient and the informed consent is an aspect which monitors the Joint Commission and a legal claim is the first aspect to be evaluated. Not only procedures

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-Autonomy: the ability to make decisions unaided by others. Or patient over a certain age has the right to refuse treatment. -Veracity: legal principle that states that a health professional should be honest and give full disclosure to the patient. Which basically means, “informed consent”.

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According to ACA Code of Ethics (2014) “Conducting Research Counselors plan, design, conduct, and report research in a manner that is consistent

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1 Ethical Issues of Informed Consent Waynesburg University Ethics PHL 205. March 9, 2024 The ethical principle of informed consent is a cornerstone of medical practice, as it empowers patients to make fully informed decisions about their healthcare. However, obtaining informed consent can be a complex process that requires careful consideration of various ethical challenges. These challenges include ensuring patients have sufficient information to make informed decisions, assessing patients' decision-making capacity, and mitigating power imbalances between healthcare providers and patients.

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The following is written not as research with data or studies to document its findings. Or to draw definite conciliations for or agenst the subject of Informed consent. It is to give thought as to what roll each of us may have to better improve the issues of the Informed consent Informed consent: As defined an “Informed consent” is the process by which a patient learns about and understands the purpose, benefits, and potential risks of any medical procedures, including clinical trials, and then agrees to receive the treatment or participate in the trial. You might say the concept of consent arises both from the ethical principle of basic human rights and a legal issue.

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The first APA ethical principle I’d like to discuss in terms of the impacts it may have on my consulting project with NW Noggin is Principle A which is further comprised of the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. The principle of beneficence says physicians are expected to care for their patients to the best of their ability; essentially this ethical principle implies physicians should behave in an altruistic and charitable manner towards their patients (e.g., selflessness, serving the greater good). The principle of nonmaleficence parallels the principle of beneficence, for it exclaims a physician will do no harm (i.e., the no harm rule) meaning they will avoid committing unnecessary harm to their patients. In my consulting project, the potential impacts of Principle A could arise in the development and implementation of services for both the consultants and the organization they are serving.

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Informed Consent Working in a public school system, one has to adhere to different guidelines when obtaining informed consent. First and foremost, one is obtaining parental or guardian consent rather than from the individual. A student has to be eligible for special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act before a referral for a physical therapy evaluation can be considered. This document addresses more legal than ethical matters. It states that the parent or guardian gives consent to the school district to evaluate my child and in giving consent that it is voluntary and may be revoked at any time (ISPE2102- Parent Consent for Evaluation- English, 2015).

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Although both have similar fundamental concept, informed consent for clinical trials differs from the patient’s consent to treat used in health care in that informed clinical trials usually encompass more details about a procedure or trial and are designed with various objectives in mind compared to consent used in health care. For instances, in a clinical trial, patients are expected to know what the clinical trial is set up to find, the process is also meant to provide ongoing information to participant about the test. Consequently, participant can make educated decision about whether to start or stay in a clinical trial. The major difference is the ongoing information that is required for clinical trials. I believe this difference exists because clinical trials are voluntary for participants, and most participants are not knowledgeable of the overall process of the clinical trials.

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Informing your subjects in an experiment is very important. The subject should be told of his or her rights, the purpose of the experiments, risk and benefits and the length of time that the experiment will take. It is your obligation to give the subject these rights. Put into place are scientific norms that all should be following, without following the norms could lead to lying, falsifying information or documents and could put the human in harm’s way. By not getting informed consent you could be damaging your study when something comes up later as an issue.

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