Introduction
A child’s engagement and understanding of science is imperative to their learning. According to Marilyn Fleer (n.d.) from birth children actively explore their environment. They are constantly trying to make sense of the world around them and how things work (Fleer, n.d.). Children look to adults for assistance with developing their knowledge of the world (Fleer, n.d.). Through the Octonauts in ice activity students are able to gain an insight in to the observable properties of water and ice, through the use of their senses. The Australian Curriculum [ACARA] and Early Years Learning Framework [EYLF] both place huge emphasis on inquiry based learning that incorporates communication and engages in discussions about observations (DEEWR,
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Extensive preparation of the environment allows for educators to be best prepared to suit the needs of the child and the activity, this lesson was conducted with an individual child but could be easily adapted to suit small groups. Campbell, Jobling and Howitt (2015) mention that preparation of the environment includes educators being aware of children’s physical, emotional, social and cognitive needs, this allows educators to meet these needs through activities, resources and interactions. The child in this activity was the educator’s own daughter, allowing for a well-developed understanding of the child’s physical, emotional, social and cognitive needs and what was needed for the activity to meet those needs. The environment was well prepared before the lesson as described in the general learning experience plan (Appendix A), this included the area being tidied up of distractions, as well as ensuring that all materials needed for the activity were relevant, prepared and set out for easy access for the child (Campbell, etal., 2015). Campbell, Jobling and Howitt (2015) state that “Regardless of how learning experiences are presented to children (unstructured, child-instigated, teacher-instigated) or are used in centres (free play, small group, whole group) it is imperative that materials are provided for children to explore” (p. 82). The child’s background allows for the educator to ensure that the materials used in the activity are of interest and would allow for exploration of the water and