The following essay will outline the variances of two case” Illinois v. Gates and Spinelli v. United States. It will discuss the Supreme Court requires to establish probable cause for a warrant. Illinois v. Gates In Illinois v. Gates, law enforcement received a letter (that was anonymous) stating that the Gate family was in the drug transporting business, and operating between the states of Florida and Illinois. Upon investigation, law enforcement discovered that Gates had made the purchase of an Air Line ticket, traveling to Florida.
In order to control even more the natives, another Indian Appropriation Act was passed in 1871. It said that Indian tribes were no longer seen as an indepedent nation but that all Indians were just individuals, like everyone. But also that they were "wards" of the federal government. This obviously made the natives less powerful, because as a tribe, they were numerous so they had more power and they could have treaties with the government. But with the act, it did not work anymore.
One of the action were Indian Intercourse Act of 1790. This basically said that no land is to be taken unless by their free consent or by the right of conquest in case of just war. Next was the fur trade regulation. The trade brought handsome profits to private companies such as John Jacob Astor’s American Fur Company (1808).Both Native Americans and white particpated in this. Indians in return for thier fur secured blankets, guns, rum and ironwear.
In the second half of the 19th century. the United States government made efforts to limit the presence of Native Americans and their culture within the Great Plains region. This increased tension betweens Plains Indians and the settlers of the Great Plains region. The development of the transcontinental railroad and discriminatory government land policies had disastrous effects on the lives of Plains Indians. The lives of Plains Indians were affected by technology through the transcontinental railroad.
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act had many organized competition that led to manipulation of prices. Big businesses were involved with this manipulation. The accusations were that small groups of people would take control over businesses to gain more power by monopolizing prices hence the Sherman Anti-Trust Act came into place. There also were many complications with this act which would cause many arguments about power and finances. There were many things that went wrong like small groups of people had more power than others through there big business, small businesses lost resources, and there was no room for other small businesses to grow.
The Interstate Commerce Act (ICA) took place on February 4, 1887, when the Senate and House of Representatives granted Congress the power to regulate interstate railroads. This act included all transactions across several states. The Railroad Industry began taking advantage of the public by overcharging farmers, small business owners, and city to city passengers. The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 originally regulated shipping rates on the Railroad system, but later improved delivery of all kinds such as air travel, trucking, and shipping. The Railroad Industry’s unfair practices targeted the public with underhanded prices.
Is Andrew Jackson a hero or villain? I believe that Andrew Jackson is a Villain. The reasons I feel this way because he killed off THOUSANDS of Native Americans and pillaged their land. He abused his power.
During the early 1950s throughout the late 1960s the Warren Court era extensively influenced the perspective of American society and its constitutional laws. During this period the Warren Court also sought out to revolutionize perspectives on discrimination based on race and economic class, limitations of citizens within the United States, and expansion of rights due to criminal injustice. The approach of the Warren Court on these subjects stated above benefited the american society due to the outcomes of the Warren Court rulings in this era. Warren Court had an immense impact on US society for instance Brown V. Board of Education which the concluding ruling ended segregation in schools between minority groups and caucasians. This ruling had a tremendous affect on society as the minority groups in the United States felt as if they were on the brink of equality and closer to desegregation.
Voting Crisis 3 ~ Passage of the Dawes Act and the End of the Indian Wars As Western Homesteaders, who happen to be farmers, we strongly stood behind the passage of the Dawes Act and an end to the indian wars. Our reasoning for supporting the Dawes Act was that if the land held by the native Americans was no longer affiliated by tribe, it could be privatized, which would offer us the opportunity of acquiring more land. Furthermore, a reduction of conflict between ourselves and the indians would greatly increase our quality of life, as the constant threat of raids had become a great nuisance.
Issue 6- Does the Act violate the Procedural Due Process? Conclusion 1.
Explain how the two rulings are examples of judicial restraint or judicial activism use evidence from the reading to back up your response. The Plessy V. Ferguson1896 case is an example of judicial restraint. It is an example of judicial restraint because the argument Plessy made supports the idea that segregation is not equality, it makes the black race feel inferior. The court disagreed because it isn’t legal or political therefore constitutional by technicality.
Then, in 1890, the Sherman Antitrust Act was set forth. This act was a federal law that prohibited monopolies. The Sherman Antitrust Act made any combination or trust in restraint of trade illegal. (Class notes, industrial reform evidence) There were many different types of social problems during this time period.
The 1832 Reform Act, or Great Reform Act, was passed to increase voting rights, to provide correct representation in the House of Commons of the British Parliament, and to dispel the fear of revolution. Leading up to the 19th century, not many people had the right to vote, and many people believed that it was time that all men deserved the right to vote. This belief led to the publics call for parliamentary reform. Voting rights wasn’t the only existing problem at the time, because the industrial revolution had changed the distribution of the population, where more people started to gather in the cities, causing rapid growth in industrial cities. This caused a problem for Parliament, because before the Industrial revolution people were generally evenly spread across the country.
Evaluate the effectiveness of the ‘cardinal principles’ enunciated by Prof. Ian Dennis vis-à-vis reversal of burden onto the defendant in criminal cases. To what extend does it achieve it’s purpose? Introduction In Woolmington v DPP, Viscount Sankey LC laid down the golden thread rule (also known as concept of presumption of innocence) which presumed the defendant is innocence until proven guilty by the prosecution by proposed “Throughout the web of the English criminal law, one golden thread is always be seen, that it is the duty of the prosecution to prove the prisoner’s guilt…”
Article 80, par. 1 of the Constitution of the Czech Republic characterizes the public prosecutor ’s office as an organ representing public prosecution in criminal proceedings; it also performs other tasks the law sets forth. By Act No. 283/ 1993 Coll. , on the public prosecutor, in effect since 1 January 1994, the public prosecutor’s office has been organized as a system of public offices assigned to represent the state in cases established by law. This system replaced the former office of public prosecution, which was blamed for being too similar to Soviet models, further that it was “omnipotent” (the “guardian of justice” concept), and that it formed a kind of “fourth” power in society (next to the legislative, executive and judicial powers).
