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Why Did The First Crusades Happen

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What were the Crusades? According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, 1 the Crusades were a series of holy wars called by popes with the promise of indulgences for those who fought in them and directed against external and internal enemies of Christendom for the recovery of Christian property or in defense of the Church or Christian people. This essay is going to outline the main events, and explain the reasons for, the first three crusades, by giving the timeline of main events that took place and telling as to why the Crusades happened. The First Crusade was initiated in November 1095 by Pope Urban II in the town of Clermont in France. It took place in Anatolia, also known as Asia Minor, and Levant. The people who were involved in the First Crusade were Raymond of Saint-Gilles, Godfrey of Bouillon, Hugh from the family of Vermandois and Bohemond of Taranto, with his nephew Tancred (they led the four armies of Crusaders which were formed by different Western European regions). Along with the notorious Count Emicho (he led another group of Crusaders). As well as the Egyptian Fatimid’s and Alexius, who at this time was the …show more content…

Before any of this had occurred, Saladin had begun a major campaign against the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. His troops destroyed the Christian army at the Battle of Hattin and took the city. Such damage inspired the Third Crusade. On the 12th of July 1191: Richard and Philip captured the port of Acre. On August 3rd, 1191 Philip abandoned the Third Crusade. On 7th September 1191, Richard’s army defeated Saladin’s forces at the Battle of Arsuf. The Crusaders tried four attempts on the City of Jerusalem, but they were unsuccessful. On the 2nd of September 1192, the Treaty of Jaffa was signed bringing an end to the Third

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8.2.1- In 1097 an estimated 100,000 men enlisted in the first crusade, due to the fact that the pope promised salvation from purgatory if they joined the pilgrimage to Jerusalem to liberate the Holy Land. Peter the Hermit left, to the Holy Land, with 30,000 peasants, they terrorized Jews in Germany, and Christians in Bulgaria, when they got to Constantinople they were transported to Bosphorus and the Seljuk Turks defeated them, and the living were sold into slavery. After a five-week siege Jerusalem fell on July 15, 1099, the first crusade was a success, and because most crusaders were younger sons of nobles (Oldest gets the kingdom), they made four Crusader states based on the French Feudal model: the Country of Edessa, the Principality of Antioch, the Country of Tripoli, and the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. 8.2.2-

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The First Crusade was the initial crusade to make an effort to retake the Holy Land. " The Cumans, like all barbarians, being fickle and inconsistent by nature, were persuaded by his arguments and reached Adrianopolis,"

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Introduction: Provide background information on the Crusades, restate the DBQ question, state thesis with reasons. (include academic vocabulary and underline) The results of the Crusades was probably more negative than positive. In “Doc 4”, It states that “Moreover, the assault of one Christian people on another, when one of the goals of the Fourth Crusade was reunion of Greek and Latin churches, made the split between the Greek and Latin churches permanent.” The Crusades had a lot of hatred to the religions, and by 1204 the Crusaders had lost some of their appeal because the knights agreed to attack the Byzantine Capital instead.

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Pope Urban II’s speech at Clermont in 1095 was a call to crusade given outdoors to the nobles, commoners and church leaders of the Western European Christians (the Franks). The people were moved by this speech and it changed history, launching the first crusade to capture Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks. After hearing Pope Urban II’s speech, thousands of Western European Christians were moved to embark on the dangerous journey and fight in the crusade. I believe the main reasons they were moved and persuaded to fight was; 1) they felt it was their Christian duty, 2) Pope Urban promised them absolution for their sins and 3) they felt compelled to defend Christianity, their holy land and the Eastern Christians.

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King Richard I and King Philip set out on the Third Crusade King Philip II Augustus and Richard I made camp at Vezelay, and headed on toward the Holy Land of Jerusalem, launching the third crusade. Counting the two armies together, they had over 100,000 soldiers. On the 4th of October, an anti-English riot killed some of Richards soldiers. Richard the Lionheart led a small force in order to seize Messina, Sicily. This is where the two armies of King Richard I and King Philip II would stay throughout winter.

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In 1189 the 3rd Crusade, also known as The Kings’ Crusade, began. This was an attempt by European leaders to regain the Holy Land from Saladin. England, France, and the Roman Empire were to go against The Byzantine Empire, the Empire of Cyprus and Saladin to recapture Jerusalem. The Crusade was based mainly around Levant and Anatolia. The 3rd Crusade ended in 1192 with the Muslims still having control of Jerusalem.

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The 3rd Crusade was a fight between King Richard I and Saladin. The 3rd Crusade was an attempt to retake the ‘Holy Land’ following Jerusalem’s capture. The attempt to regain the land was by King Richard I in (1189- 1192). So how did King Richard fail in retaking ‘The Holy land’ and what impact did it leave off? The motivation of King Richard I during the 3rd Crusade.

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The Third Crusade started in 1187, lasted five years, and ended in 1192.The Third Crusade was fought in Israel, Anatolia, Levant and Near East. The third crusade occurred when the Egyptian and Syrian forces were unified under an emperor whose name is Saladin. Due to his power, he ordered his troops to slaughter and obliterate the Christian states in order to gain control over Jerusalem. When Richard I inherited the crown, he raised funds for a crusade. He was a very religious person and was accompanied by Emperor Barbarossa who was also heavily religious.

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Yet, the First Crusade was successful as they drove the Turks away from Antioch. The Second Crusade was much more of a failure, including “squabbling” between Byzantines and the Crusaders, even though Emperor Manuel I joined the expedition to

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The Muslim people were the ones being attacked and had opposing viewpoints of what was going on. The views of the crusades were vastly different from two of the largest religious groups of their time, the Christians and the Muslims. The Christians looked at the crusade as their religious and personal mission and duty. After all, the Christians were the ones who were leading the crusades and they were the ones who were the biggest advocates of them.

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They were poor, running out of supplies, banished from their countries, and they were using Venetian ships. The Crusaders began their conquest to Constantinople in April 1203. With the guarantee of the considerable amount of supplies that they could ever want, the Crusaders partnered up with Alexius IV since Constantinople was the wealthiest city in Asia Minor, and his deal was plausible for a city this rich. Despite the fact that the city was Greek Orthodox, the Crusaders believed restoring this city under the pope will pardon their pillage, but also give The Holy Roman Empire a firm political position over Asia

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Many things happened during the crusades. First crusaders left there families, the women and children where left to fend for themselves. In the first and only successful crusade the crusaders killed all Muslim inhabitants of Jerusalem. Although the crusaded was successful, within 46 years the land had to be fought for agin. All thought there was other crusades they still didn 't manage regain the holy land.

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The Crusades were successful failures because they did not meet many of their goals, but left lasting effects. The Crusades was an attempt by the Roman Catholic Church to regain the Holy Lands from the Muslims. They believed they were fighting for god and all sins would be forgiven and defend the Byzantine Empire from the Turks. The first Crusade (1096 -1099) was successful for the Christians because they had a clear and organized religious based purpose. Crusaders the Christian armies were able to hold Jerusalem and in the process led to a massacre of Jews.

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To explain how Saladin impacted the crusades, I will be explaining his aims, his methods and tactics used to achieve this aim and his treatment of the energy. I will then use this evidence to explain how Saladin influenced the outcome crusades. Saladin wished to recapture the holy city of Jerusalem from the Christians for revenge of the significance it held, for the muslim people. Jerusalem was besieged on September 20, 1187.

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The Crusades The initial crusades from April to July of 1096 many Jews were given the option of converting to Christianity or death. This was when the crusaders and city dwellers alike were attacking them in an attempt to reach Jerusalem to free it. However, the Christians were not the only ones killing since many jews would rather take their own life and the lives of their family then convert. These were viewed as martyrs for the Jews, since they were emulating their religious heroes.

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