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Values Of Strategic Communication

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1.1. Strategic communication Strategic communication is a part of a democratic society. It is used to ensure the ability to perform in situations, where a country is influenced by external operations, such as mendacious media operations, oppression aimed at the government or other political manipulation. Strategic communication ensures the society’s ability to tolerate crises emotionally. If the communication includes untruthful information or intentional disinformation, it is no longer strategic communication, but a psychological or information operation. (Jantunen, 2015, pp. 210-211.) Strategic communication integrates the messages from different sources to serve public goals named by politics. The messages can’t be overlap or be in conflict …show more content…

If a government does not communicate, it cannot be transparent. In addition to transparency, interaction and ability to receive feedback are the values of strategic communication. (Jantunen, 2015, pp. 212-213.) 1.2. Information operations and influence operations The difference between information warfare and information influencing is thin. Military professor Jari Rantapelkonen draws the line between these two terms on the word war. He says that to be in a war the war needs to be declared first. He reminds that the term information warfare is used lightly, and it can also be understood metaphorically. (Halminen, 2014) Information operations are procedures and principles used in military crises. Different models of action are electronic warfare, information network operations, psychological operations, diversion, operational security and physical destruction. The actions are planned ahead to reach wanted results. (Mattson & Mikkola, 2013, p. 129) The social media has extended the number of actors in information operations. Anyone interested in the topic can take an active role in information influencing. The different sides of information warfare can feed ideas and action as the “information solders” do the work online. (Jantunen, 2015, s. …show more content…

The source of a white propaganda message is easy to identify and the information in the message tends to be correct. It is used to gain plausibility among the target audience. The source of black propaganda is often hidden. Black propaganda can also be categorized as disinformation. (Neumann, 2016.) The source of black propaganda can seem legitimate. The information in the messages can be true or false. The difference between black and gray propaganda might be difficult to identify. The source of gray propaganda can seem like one with no agenda. The information in the messages might seem relevant, but often, it’s not referencing on any relevant or existing source. (Kelly,

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Throughout American history, propaganda pieces have been used to sway the public opinion on one matter or another. The famous Federalist Papers were used to sway the early American public to ratify the Constitution. The Civil War also heavily relied on propaganda to recruit soldiers and boost morale. At the turn of the 20th century, Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle was written as a propaganda piece on socialism, however, it was remembered for its cometary on the ethics of the meat packing industry.

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Now that technology connects all corners of the Earth, Isabel Evans shares her input on the effects of social media. In her article, “Head in the (Instagrammed) Clouds” published by the Harvard Crimson in 2013, Isabel Evans discusses the impact of social media on everyday life. Evans’ purpose is to emphasize the role of these applications on the world. She uses a tone that is casual yet urgent to express her concern for the time wasted using social media. Throughout her article, Evans identifies with her audience, illustrates her ideas, and appeals to nostalgia to examine the negative effects of social media.

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During the World War period of history there was all sorts of propaganda being used for and against each other during the war effort. Aiming for the citizen of that nation to be persuaded to help in the war effort in some way whether it be rationing of food, invoking fear, or a form of patriotic emotion. The World War propaganda primarily focused a lot on name calling, bandwagon, and transfer types of propaganda. During the World War when it came to name calling it usually portray the enemy. For instance Japan and Germany during WWI and Russia included later in WWII were shown in a negative light.

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Propaganda is in all aspects of daily life , from advertisements on tv to buy a certain product ,to campaign posters and stickers promoting a candidate. Propaganda is around us twenty four seven. It persuades a personal opinion in a good way , but in some cases it does just the opposite. Propaganda comes in many forms such as glittering generalities,stacked cards,negative attacks , endorsements , and many more .It's used in a time of need such as the civil war and in time of want such as elections and advertisements of a product.

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Propaganda is information of a biased nature. Source C is an example of propaganda, It shows a Jewish man that looks more like a monster then a man as well as signs of communism something that the Nazis hated. These two things are used to make people believe that Jews aren't able to be trusted and that they are evil and greedy. In addition it indoctrinated young Germans that didn't know much about the Jews, this made it easier for them to hate and kill off Jewish people near the end of the War

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“Propaganda is a monologue that is not looking for an answer, but an echo,” (W. H. Auden). World War II, like many other wars, was influenced by myriad of different variables. One variable that echoed throughout America was propaganda. Propaganda was a major influence in the rally for overall support in America during World War II. The propaganda’s intentions in World War II can be broken down into three major categories: war efforts, Anti-German and Anti-Japanese backing, and homefront endeavors.

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World War 1 was the first war were propaganda played huge role in keeping people at the home front informed about what was happening throughout the battlefields. This was also the first war where the government introduced propaganda to target the public and change their opinion on war (“Propaganda in World War 1”). There were many reasons for the governments to use propaganda throughout World War 1 such as; to blacken the enemy's name, to turn countries against another country, to persuade people into enlisting, to make war sound glorious ("Facts - AL WWI Propaganda."), and to calm down or even to stir up emotions throughout the war. One of the main ways propaganda was used in World War 1 was to ensure that the public only knew what the governments wanted them to know.

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What is propaganda? Well, the definition of propaganda has been debated, for there are many different viewpoints on it. However, it is usually defined as any type of material used in hopes of influencing a community’s thoughts and viewpoints towards one subject. Many different types of propaganda were used in World War I successfully since people only received the information that the government wanted them to know. It twisted the truth and allowed for governmental control of people’s thoughts and viewpoints towards the war.

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When supplies are low. When persuasion is necessary. Propaganda is biased or misleading information used to promote certain political views. Propaganda is used in almost every war, in an effort to gain what is needed for the army from the civilians. Although propaganda is used a lot, it was especially used during the time of the holocaust.

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Introduction. Propaganda has been used through world wars and civil wars throughout time. Since “propaganda defines the construction, maintenance and use of history and perceptions by the powerful” (Csete, 2000, p 212) propaganda continuously is changing and adapting to the fluctuating social norms; however, the 20th century was a pivoting point. This century was when we were able to see the African minority revolt and fight back. To this day the propaganda from the early 1900’s has created marches, social movements, and riots that still affect them today.

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We all know propaganda is a way business-related or people in a higher archy manipulate or pursue civilians to follow or service the higher archy's rules and regulations. Do you need a more detailed explanation? Propaganda is a tool used to control public opinion and behavior by disseminating biased or misleading information. Its goal is to sway individuals or groups to support a particular ideology, political agenda, or product. Propaganda can take many forms, including posters, advertisements, news articles, and speeches.

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Throughout history, propaganda was used as a powerful means of gaining control over the many by a few, employing methods that present a broad field of reasearch to the day. The use of special phrases, the rigurous order or variation of the words, as well as various voice tonalities were analysed by the scientific comunity in order to understand the way propaganda affects society. In Lasswell 's World Revolutionary propaganda, the author classifies the

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Propaganda is used in the book Animal Farm to convince the animals to believe certain ideals. Squealer makes the animals think a certain way, and thus, manipulates the animals. In much the same way, the modern world uses propaganda to achieve nearly, if not the same, goals. In modern times, propaganda is utilized to achieve three goals: to deceive people, to justify wars, and to destroy the credibility of a person or nation. In George Orwell’s book, Animal Farm, Squealer uses propaganda negatively to influence inhabitants of the farm, which is parallel to today with how propaganda deceives people, justifies war, and destroys credibility of a person or nation.

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A leading 19th century psychologist named William James stated this about propaganda: "There's nothing so absurd that if you repeat it often enough, people will believe it”. Propaganda is information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view. This is evident in the televised premature ending of the Montag’s chase and in the symbolism of 451 by the government in Ray Bradbury’s dystopian novel Fahrenheit 451. However, in our world propaganda has been used to unite a country through targeted mass persuasion. This is seen in two classic U.S propaganda posters that encourage U.S citizens to join the army: “I want you”(index 1) and “Remember Dec. 7th” (index 2).

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When the government wants to achieve its ideal of certain policy, it might use messages that give positive light to this policy. The purpose of these messages is to gain acceptance from the people, because their lack of acceptance will undermine the legitimacy of the government. Once the propaganda achieves its goal, however, the people will view the policy favorably. They will be less likely to revolt against the government. Thus, the government can maintain its legitimacy and domination while pursuing policy that it favors.

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