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The Pros And Cons Of Climate Change

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The climate change represents one of the governance challenges of our time, and it is likely to remain in the coming century. The climate change is global in numerous ways- the system of climate is universal and the energy, as well as the economic structures that are causing the challenges, is global. Nevertheless, in significant ways, the climate change is an intensely local problem because the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission which is the core of the challenge is generated everywhere. Also, the climate change’s effects will be differently felt in diverse areas (Hoffmann, 2014). Therefore, the task of governance is critical regarding the climate change. The current climate science informs that already we are on track for the considerable …show more content…

It is vital to note that the Convention set out the framework for action whose objective is to stabilize the atmospheric concentration of the greenhouse gases so that to aid in the prevention of dangerous anthropogenic interference with the system of climate. The Framework of UN Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which entered into force in 1994, has an almost universal membership of 195 parties (Abbott, 2012). The annual Conferences of Parties’ primary objective is to review the implementation of the convention. The Convention outlines how the explicit global agreements may be discussed in setting the obligatory restrictions regarding the greenhouse gases. The convention parties have met annually to evaluate the progress in dealing with the climate change. In 1997, Kyoto Protocol was established, as well as created the legally binding responsibilities for the developed countries in reducing their greenhouse emissions (Abbott, 2012). There was an amendment of the protocol to include the period 2013-2020 in the Doha Treaty. Furthermore, Vanhala (2016) reiterates that in 2015, there was an adoption of the Paris Agreement, governing the reduction of emissions from 2020 on through the countries commitments in the ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions. It is seen that one of the first tasks set by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was for the signatory nations to establish the national greenhouse inventories of the greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the removals, which were applied in the creation of the 1990 levels of benchmarking regarding the Kyoto Protocol’s Annex I countries, as well as for the commitment of those countries to the greenhouse gas emissions

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COP21 which was held on Nov. 330 th 2015 and lasted two weeks aimed to devise a legally binding agreement to cap global temperature rises to under 2 degrees Celsius, below preindustrial levels. Negotiations and agreements which have been brewing over several years, were finally settled in a time efficient and effective conference, hosting 196 parties which all participated in the agreement to decrease the use of fossil fuels which result in the development of greenhouse gases by 2050. The agreement functions upon the framework that each nation is to establish a conformable and realistic reduction target individually, with no penalty present for countries which fail to abide by their self‐imposed targets. Wealthy developed nations like the United

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Australia’s commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions represents a substantial increase in its commitment to curb climate change. Australia has engaged in a series of multilateral, plurilateral and regional climate change with key countries. It also holds continuous climate change discussions at the ministerial level with crucial economic and trade partners. Australia also collaborates with other countries to share knowledge and information, as well as come up with best practice approaches to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change is a global problem that results from human-caused emissions of greenhouse gases that cause the atmosphere to warm at an extraordinary rate.

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“Climate change is upon us, and it has arrived well ahead

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“The Southern Landscape served as Umbilical cord to the African Americans albeit the hardships in their real or fictionalized life” The journey of the African Americans from their homeland to New World is riddled with hardship, pain and inhumane treatment meted out by their masters. Being treated as slaves; chained and violently treated they landed in the Southern part of US with hopes of building a new life, new future. They continued to struggle in their new land only to be transported from one hell to the other. Yet for the African Americans the South held their hopes and dreams. For them the South itself served as their very own identity, source of wisdom and spirituality.

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We must be alert to the necessity of big changes - because greenhouse gas emissions through burning fossil fuels is, indeed, leading the global climate a lot worse and much faster than predicted. One

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Without any certainty regarding climate change itself and how scientifically the Kyoto targets were settled, is a point of controversy. One would assume that a policy regarding climate change would be based off of scientific evidence and data. This however wasn’t the case with the Kyoto Protocol. The emissions target in the protocol were being based off of political negotiations, rather than science. With the targets having no relation to scientific information, long term objectives will be hard to

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The agreement is ultimately signed by 196 countries and acknowledges the global urgency of the climate crisis and reflects the strength of the climate movement. The Paris Climate agreement plans to limit climate temperature to below 2 degrees Celsius. This agreement is a form of environmental justice, more precisely climate justice, as the government recognizes that individuals must live in a safe environment. The effects of climate change are real and are happening right now and the Paris Agreement is a step in the right direction. Each country determines, plans and regulates its own contribution to climate change in order to mitigate global warming.

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Horizontal prototyping is the designing of a broad set of features that do not necessarily have full functionality. It is meant to portray, to a user, that the potential product will have a wide set of similar those features. Vertical prototypes are different from horizontal prototypes in that vertical prototypes do not establish the broad set of features. Instead, these prototypes are meant to functionality that is closer to the core workflow. More specific functions and features, not broad tasks, would be seen in vertical prototypes.

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“Current emissions are several times higher than the sustainable level, and increasing. ”(Randers, 2008) The climate has been having drastic changes due to the amount of burning fossil fuels and deforestation that deteriorates the ozone layer and changes the global temperature. The reduction of greenhouses is possible, but even if we stop man-made emissions tomorrow it would still take about a hundred years until the emissions levels ware able to arrive to the pre-industrial levels because of the inertia in the global system. (Randers,

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These 55 nations’ goal was to work in unison to implement greener energy sources, hoping to help curtail the rising global temperatures and reduce our carbon emissions. A pivotal number throughout this agreement was 2 degrees, a goal number with which they hoped to decrease global temperatures in a 5-year time period. While a seemingly low number, an increase of temperature even by a few degrees can have devastating effects on sea levels and smaller island nations and coastal cities (npr). This accord aims to assist developing counties as they lack the resources to update to cleaner emitting sources and lack the funding to rebuild when global warming effects ravage their countries. The United States and China are the two largest contributors to global pollution, producing 45% of the world’s carbon footprint.

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As these problems become more and more persistent, the boundaries of states become increasingly distorted. This implies that, the wasteful use of coal or the inability to treat communicable disease in one state not only devastates that states’ environment and population, but it also has direct and often dramatic consequences for the other states also for instance the spread of avian influenza (H5N1) throughout Asia since 2003, across to Europe and the Middle East, as well as Africa. More so, as the rapid growth in the number of international environmental agreements since the 1970’s indicates, the resolution of these kinds of problems requires extensive cooperation and coordination among states in the formulation and implementation of policies. The United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) has a record that lists close to 200 multilateral environmental agreements and amendments to existing agreements, most of which have been established since the Stockholm Conference which was the first universal recognition of environmental awareness in 1972 ( Susskind, 2002; MacNeill, 1990; and Gallagher,1968). Accordingly, scholars argue that it emanates as no surprise that the path of international climate diplomacy has always been a shaky one and this is especially true since the

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Climate change has been a problem in the world since the industrial revolution and has been denied by major corporations and the government for centuries. This is because most non-renewable resources are major industries (i.e. oil, electricity, water, etc.) and the world 's economy profits from these resources. The bulk of corporations prioritize their wealth over the condition of the Earth beneath them. Economic growth is important for the people, yes; it is how we develop as a society, but at what cost? The Earth takes the brunt of society 's success, and denying the inevitable will not stop it from occurring.

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The oceans are warming leaving the glaciers to melt, and overall the world’s natural state is disappearing. If that wasn’t enough, the population is constantly growing. ‘Human activity is causing irreversible harm to the climate system and environment’ so it should be up to each human to help to combat it and adapt to it. (Cao, 2008). It is imperative to act now against climate change, while we still can.

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Global climate change constitutes arguably the single most important threat to mankind. From the onset of the industrial revolution, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), including carbon dioxide (CO2) have increasingly built up in the atmosphere, causing the climate to warm up slowly but steadily (IPCC, 2014). NASA predicts that 2016 will mark the hottest year on record. The effects of global warming are ubiquitous: Greenland’s glacier and the Arctic ice cap are melting, ocean levels are rising, occurrences of extreme weather are increasing, including hurricanes and areas of either intense drought or flooding. Collectively, these changes and their direct consequences are an imminent danger and they directly affect other urgent issues humanity is

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Climate change is an issue that is relevant in today 's world. There is a vast amount of evidence suggesting that climate change is real, and could potentially have a drastic impact on our planet if the necessary measures aren’t taken to stop and reverse its effects. Human decisions have led to global warming, and those choices are what will potentially harm not only us, but also our planet. One evidence for global warming can be seen in the significant change in the record of high and low temperatures on this planet “The number of record high temperatures have been increasing and the record of low temperatures have been decreasing since the 1950”(NASA). Regions that are already vulnerable to extreme temperatures can be further affected by a downward

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