In the recent years, web and social media have emerged as one of the most important public communication channels. It brings social groups at one place and enables communication in real time. Therefore, cyber space has become a crucial part of all our lives. Cyber space is a complex environment resulting from the interaction of people, software, hardware and services on the internet supported by communication technology, devices and connectivity resulting in distribution of information worldwide. Owing to numerous benefits brought out by technological advancements, cyber space is the common tool used by citizens, civil society, businesses and Governments for communication and dissemination of information. Unlike physical space, cyber space is virtual, borderless and offers complete anonymity. People can post their comments or views on social space and also pass on messages from one to one, one to many, many to many and many to one basis across the globe. Due to such virtues, the cyber space adds up freedom to the individuals for expression of thoughts and opinions on a day to day basis but because of such virtues, it also has a severe scope of misuse for variety of purposes like sending hate mails, posting inflammatory, harmful and offensive information in the form of images, videos, photos and texts. The issues falling under this category are addressed by the section 66A of the Information Technology Act, 2000.
Since section 66A deals with the issues regarding the crimes
Frieson?.
For the first issue, “Does the three-year mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, set out in section 99(2), violate section 12 of the Charter?” , Judge Oullette differentiated between the intended purpose behind Parliament’s mandatory minimum sentencing and the sentencing objectives. Bill C-10 was created in order to place a stop to handguns, drug trafficking, and gang violence.
Yes on Proposition 57
When Robert Gonzalez was 17 years old, he was charged as an adult because the public defender said his actions were an”adult-like crime”. Robert Gonzalez was the “wheel-man” during a robbery. The sentenced Mr.Gonzalez got a sentence of 20 years with 4 months. Proposition 57 is mainly for the juveniles that are getting a second chance to go to rehab and to get better. Proposition 57 is trying to get passed because there are too many people that are getting put into prisons for reasons that can be solved another way.
: Petitioner, the State of Arizona, sought review of an order entered by the Superior Court of Maricopa County, Arizona, which granted the defendant Pike’s motion to modify his sentence pursuant to Ariz. R. Crim. P. 32. During the time of the offense, a sentence of one year-life was officially put into place. Pike filed a petition for post-conviction relief to have his sentence altered because he believed that his sentence was cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment. The trial court granted Pike’s petition and gave him only 15 to 30 years and the state of Arizona filed a petition for review. On July 10, 1975, the defendant Pike was convicted of possession of dangerous drugs for sale which violated the A.R.S. §§ 32-1970(C), 32-1996(C), and 32-1901, and Pike was sentenced to serve a term of not less than 40 nor more than 50 years in the Arizona State Prison.
In September 2016, after his trial for the hammer attack, Weber was found NCR for the fourth time.
There has been mounting criticism over whether NCR promotes public safety or is a quick pass for prison. Cases like Weber’s were the driving force behind the Not Criminally Responsible Reform Act, Bill C-54, which was passed in 2014. Weber’s
Furthermore, this leaves room for states to implement their own practices and ways to address status offenders. It has also been argued that the Act “fractured the juvenile justice system so that officials in the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare handled white, middle-income youth” (Hinton, 2015, p. 816). Programs which labeled white youths as “children in trouble” marked minority youths as “chronic offenders” who were deemed a danger to society, and tried as an adult. The exceptions and revisions that have been made to the Act make it possible for repeat status offenders to be detained in secure
In May 1997, the Prison Releasee Reoffender Act (PRRA) is passed. The Prison Releasee Reoffender Act says that when a defendant commits a crime within three years upon being released from prison the defendant must serve an additional
As of September 2011, California incarcerated close to 144,000 inmates in its
state prisons. This number fell in recent years owing to the pressure from SCOTUS and
California policy changes. In 2006, California had a peak incarceration rate of 172,000
inmates (Rogan, 2012). Since 1970, California has seen 750% rise in incarceration levels,
especially during the “war on drugs” campaign during the 1990s (Harvard Law Review,
2010, p. 753).
With no end in sight to the rapidly growing number of inmates in California’s
state prisons, the CDCR was challenged to manage the growing population.
"The 21st century is needless to say, the era of digitalization, as social media controls every aspect of human life. Technology has rendered paper and pencil useless as it has shifted the face of the earth to network and communicate faster than ever. Countless apps, websites, and softwares exist to satiate the human desire for convenience and efficiency, all while serving to entertain our complex mindsets. Social media and its platform offer numerous ways for users to speak their minds through comments and ways to express themselves through pictures. The 1st Amendment in the Constitution “prohibits the peoples’ representatives in Congress from abridging these rights” (“The Bill of Rights”).
By definition, computer-mediated communication (CMC) is communication about or by means of computer technology (Thurlow, Lengel, & Tomic, 2004). The transition of computers from highly specialized technology to personal possessions contributed to the increase in investigations relating to CMC (Thurlow, Lengel, & Tomic, 2004). The study of CMC has been widely applied, allowing for discussions of all forms of human communication via the means of a computer. Some of those disciplines through which CMC has been studied include psychology (Gackenbach & Ellerman, 1998; Kiesler, Siegel, & McGuire, 1984), politics (Dahlberg, 2001; Hacker & van Dijk, 2000), and education (Berge & Collins, 1995; McComb, 1994). In addition, CMC has also been widely studied
Bullying and Cyber bullying: History, Statistics, Law, Prevention and Analysis
By:
Richard Donegan
Abstract: Based on this article issue my scope will be mention about the cyber bullying or bullying that arises in the Malaysia among the secondary school student and also the university student. Bullying has been established in American society since the establishment of the country. Coming from capitalism economic and competitive social hierarchies, bullying is still a relevant issue throughout the year.
Introduction
In this new era of internet, computers and cell phones play a vital role in business. The growth of technology is in its highest pace. Marketing and communication techniques also changed with the technology. With the growth of Internet, online social Medias have become important communication channels and also virtual communities have emerged.
CYBER CRIME
Cybercrime is one of the fastest growing type of crime in our society today and have also been a serious problem since it causes a lot of damages and also affect us in different ways. But before I go further let me start by telling you the meaning of cybercrime, Cybercrime is different and more heinous than normal crime that we know. This crime is committed in an electronic medium and here means read is not a requirement and is done in secret Feldman(2013). Cyber war takes place largely in secret, unknown to the general public of crimes include pornography, cyber fraud, defamation, cyber stalking, harassment, IPR theft, data hostage, money laundering, phishing, e-mail bombing, cyber war, illegal monitoring. Secondly let me talk about the effect of cybercrime in our society today.
