Chem 51LB Report Ngoc Tran - Student ID # 72048507 The purpose of this lab is to examine the composition of three components of gas products of elimination reaction under acidic condition by conducting the dehydration of primary and secondary alcohol, and under basic condition by conducting the base-induced dehydrobromination of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane. Then gas chromatography is used to analyze the composition of the product mixtures. Gas chromatography (mobile phase) is used to analyze the composition of three components of the gas products. A syringe needle with gas product is injected into the machine, and the component is eluted and the composition is related to the column or the peaks.
Nevertheless, the latter is not used in this experiment since it is very reactive and extremely flammable. On the contrary, NaBH4 is relatively mild and it can be used with protic solvents. In this manner, 1.507 grs of the ketone 9-fluorenone were mixed with 30.0 ml of 95% ethanol in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask. The bright yellow mixture was stirred during 7 minutes until all the components were dissolved.
Chem 51 LB Experiment 3 Report Scaffold: Bromination of Trans-Cinnamic Acid 1. The goal of this experiment was to perform a halogenation reaction through the addition of two bromides from pyridinium tribromide. This was accomplished by reacting trans-cinnamic acid with pyridinium tribromide. After the reaction took place, melting point analysis was conducted to find out the stereochemistry of the product, which could either be syn-addition, anti-addition, or syn + anti-addition. 2.
In nucleophilic substitution reactions, there are two possibilities, either Sn1 or Sn2. In this particular experiment, an Sn2 reaction
It is understood the mechanism is acid-catalyzed where protons coordinate with the carbonyl oxygen to make the carbonyl carbon more electropositive for nucleophilic attack (Scheme 1). In the experimental procedure all reactants were added together, this is inefficient as the protons can coordinate with either trans-cinnamic acid or methanol. Coordination with methanol is unnecessary as it reduces its nucleophilicity and makes less protons available to coordinate with the carboxylic acid. To improve
In this test, primary halides precipitate the fastest while secondary halides need to be heated in order for a reaction to occur. Comparison of the rates of precipitation of the obtained product to standard 1° and 2° bromide solutions will show whether the product is a primary or secondary
The purpose of this experiment was to learn about the electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions that take place on benzene, and how the presence of substituents in the ring affect the orientation of the incoming electrophile. Using acetanilide, as the starting material, glacial acetic acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid were mixed and stirred to produce p-nitroacetanilide. In a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask, 3.305 g of acetanilide were allowed to mix with 5.0 mL of glacial acetic acid. This mixture was warmed in a hot plate with constantly stirring at a lukewarm temperature so as to avoid excess heating. If this happens, the mixture boils and it would be necessary to start the experiment all over again.
Next, the oxygen is protonated from the 3-nitrobenzaldehyde, which is then followed by an elimination reaction where this acts as a leaving group. The product is the trans-alkene present in the product. After the reaction was completed, purification of the product was conducted using semi-microscale recrystallization.
Aims of experiment • Determine the rate constants for hydrolysis of (CH3)3CCl in solvent mixtures of different composition (50/50 V/V isopropanol/water and 40/60 V/V isopropanol/water) • Examine the effect of solvent mixture composition on the rate of hydrolysis of (CH3)3CCl Introduction With t-butyl chloride, (CH3)3CCl, being a tertiary halogenoalkane, it is predicted that (CH3)3CCl reacts with water in a nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN1 mechanism), where Step 1 is the rate-determining step. The reaction proceeds in a manner as shown
How can someone explain the relationship between a chemical engineer and his job? It’s pure chemistry! Chemical engineers work with chemicals to develop new products. They may engineer a more efficient source of fuel. When engineering this, they would calculate emissions that are released when the fuel is used.
The differential equation an equation containing the derivatives of one or more dependent variable with respect to one or more independent variable . and the differential equation stand out dramatically in Physics , Biology, and chemistry … A chemical changes lead to the formation of substances that help grow our food , make our lives more productive , a chemical change or chemical reaction is a process in which one or more pure substances are converted into one or more different pure substances , The Chemical changes take place as one substance is converted into another , it Can the conditions be altered to speed the changes up, slow them down, or perhaps reverse them , Once chemists understand the nature of one chemical change, they begin to explore the possibilities that arise from causing similar changes Chemical
Career Exploration Fields: Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based molecules. These chemists are called organic chemists and work with substances found in living things, such as plant and animal material. Modern organic chemists, however, have expanded the field to also encompass non-organic compounds. Not only do they transform organic compounds into new compounds not found in nature, they also synthesize non-organic compounds into synthetic organic compounds by separating molecules and synthesizing the atoms in different ways. Therefore, modern organic chemists are scientists who create and study carbon-based molecules.
Kolbe-Schmitt Reaction Kira Wall (CHE433) 12-3-14 The Kolbe-Schmitt reaction is named after Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt. Schmitt published his research in the Journal fur Pracktische Chemie in 1885 while Kolbe published his research in the Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie in 1860. The reaction adds a carboxyl group onto the benzene ring of a phenol.
For the last 5 decades, electronics coupled with organic chemistry has been an area of great research interest, especially in physics and chemistry. Until a few years ago, this topic was thought to have no practical approach and was believed to be just research-oriented. Modification of chemical structures so that they can in a way enhance the properties of these when used for electronic applications- especially as a thin film has gained major impetus. It was always thought that organics would soon replace the semiconductors in the near future; given that they could perform the same functions and applications as the semiconductors. However, their stability and efficiency posed a great problem then.
Hypothesis: To determine whether to use organic or inorganic food and textiles based on their quality, price, effect on yourself and the environment. When our parents were younger, there was no choice when it came to buying organic food and textiles as food was produced with pesticides to increase the quantity and availability of agriculture. Nowadays, we do have a choice as more supermarkets, clothing stores and greengrocers stock organic food and textiles.
