Tactical withdrawal is also an important technique to learn to implement when dealing with crisis situations, as it can be a safe alternative for the PMI as well as the responding officer. Tactical withdrawal/ retreat means removing the officer from the immediate vicinity of the scene to reduce the need deadly force (11). Staying a safe distance away without approaching the PMI can show them that the police are not posing an immediate threat, and therefore they may not feel obligated to defend themselves, and force a violent confrontation (12). Tactical withdrawal can also be considered a “perimeter hold”, which simply means reducing the likelihood that the parties involved are going to be injured (11). This method has the potential to result