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Value of victimization surveys
Essays on the national crime victimization survey
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More handpicked essays just for you.
Value of victimization surveys
Essays on the national crime victimization survey
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UCR and NIBRS are regulated and watched by the FBI, but NIBRS is watched more carefully considering it goes into much more detail than the uniform crime report does. NCVS (National Crime Victim Survey) had a total of 84% response rate, fairly well considering how many people do not report crimes that happen to them/someone else. According to the NIBRS official website, from 1980-2014, the year between 2005-2010 had the biggest number of people either in jail, prison, or on parole. As of right now, it is slowly decreasing back down.
One of these being the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey, which is filled out by most police departments and divisions. Yet, this survey only records information about the crime, and nothing about race. Another police record is the Uniform Crime Reporting Incident-based Survey (UCR-2). Similar to the UCR, this survey also records information on the crime and the parties involved in committing the offence. In addition, the UCR-2 records social characteristics of victims, age and gender, relationship between the offender and victim, and date of birth.
The article by Karen Sternheimer provides some insight into the stats of murder in America. In doing so, the article also highlights some issues with the media today. We learn that the media turned a statistic in way to help themselves instead of properly providing the real statistic. What the media provided was based on a small number of people, but when looked at from a larger pool of people, it can be seen the opposite had occurred (the murder rate had decreased). We also learn that most murder victims are male, specifically, African American males.
Contrast the UCR/NIBRS with the NCVS The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) has been administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) since 1930 and has grown tremendously over the years. The UCR now includes data from city, county, state, and federal law enforcement agencies from across the United States. In its infancy, the UCR constructed a Crime Index that “summed the occurrences of seven major offenses, including murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft—and expressed the results as a crime rate based on population” (Schmalleger, 2009) with arson being added to the list during 1979. However, due to skewed data the Crime Index was officially take out of use in the UCR/NIBRS program during 2004.
For this reason, Spelman seeks to test the remaining methods in order to determine the most appropriate specification for the crime equation. The crime rate data Spelman uses is the data set originally constructed by Marvell and Moody in 1994 (Spelman, 2008, p. 153). The data set is quantitative in nature and consists of violent crimes which include homicide, forcible rape,
The data cited was collected by National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). This is a tool that the federal government utilizes annually by obtaining information through methodologies similar to a census. According to the BJS website, the NCVS is conducted annually from “a nationally representative sample of about 90,000 households, comprising nearly 160,000 persons, on the frequency,
100). At the same time, however, police officers also target more Africa American communities due to high crime rates. Even though the crime rates in Black communities are not as high as it has been, those communities are still targeted. Mass incarceration, on the other hand, is not due to the fact of these crime rates. According to Alexander’s (2011) studies, “As of September 2009, only 7.9 percent of federal prisoners were convicted of violent crimes” (West & Sobol, 2010, p. 101).
The author’s studies indicate that the criminal justice system choose majority of their targets and suspects predominantly by race. According to studies conducted by the U. S Department of Justice, the imprisonment rate by race per 100,000 residents over 3,000 black males were imprisoned in the year 2000 compared to white males imprisonment rate of less than 500. This shows that conviction of crime, robbery, murder, and other violence and drug related crimes has a clear discrepancy across racial groups.
The UCR may indeed be based on crimes reported by the police but those reports are lower than the actual number of crimes committed due to the dark figure of crime and the dark figure of recording, making the UCR subjective to the officer’s interpretation of crimes. However, the General Social Survey is based off the public’s perception of their own victimization
Yet contradictory to profiled beliefs, minorities do not make up the main perpetrators of secondary crimes. Statistics point out that, “the likelihood a stop of an African American...yield[ing] a weapon [is] half that of [a] white New Yorker”. One in every 49 stops of Caucasians revealed a weapon, while it took one in every 71 stops of Hispanics and one in every 93 stops of African Americans to achieve such a feat. In addition
Public ritual in Renaissance Florence involved many actors and took many forms.1 Rituals could be civic rituals performed by the citizens of the city, or be primarily concerned with one family or group of people, whilst being displayed and made available to the public.2 Some rituals were popular rituals were anyone could participate. Public rituals had various purposes, the most important ones being reproducing hierarchies which conditioned the organisation of power within the Florentine polity, and ensuring civil peace and harmony.3 This was particularly important in Renaissance Florence as no one monarch ruled the city, and therefore no singular figure embodying authority and morality could be looked up to by the people. Keeping law and order
Racial profiling, in law enforcement can be a disadvantage to those of color. Author Michael Lynch does not think that Taylor and Whitney make a valid argument to why racial profiling is not an acceptable law enforcement strategy. Lynch sees that Taylor and Whitney had made several methodology errors in their analyses of criminological data sources which creates results that can be misleading especially, “those that use of prevalence rates rather the incident rates (Lynch).” Failing to use rates that are racially based and adjusted by the population size will give reports that crime is over represent by those that are African American. Crimes that are committed by black and whites will vary from city to city because blacks do no commit all crimes.
In her book, The Color of Crime, author Katheryn Russell-Brown analyzes the roles that race, gender, and ethnicity play on crime in the United States, particularly how African Americans are viewed and effected by the views held by law and policymakers, law enforcement officers, and judges. The second edition of Russell-Brown’s book is a revision of her first edition, originally published in 1998, which was updated to address modernity issues, topics, and cases. Throughout, Russell-Brown focused on the balancing of heavy in-depth statistical information with specific cases to exemplify her views. The first chapter addressed the historical and current inaccurate portrayal of race in the mass media, while the second chapter discussed the conversation
Police violence on African American males in the U.S. has only seemed to have increased in the past years in this country and researchers wanted to see the type of impact it has had in these African American communities. The study mainly focused on the beating of Frank Jude in the Milwaukee area but also analyzed the impact of three other beatings and how phone calls to 911 were affected. If calls to 911 are suppressed because of these shootings in these communities then it is putting the entire public in danger. Throughout this paper I will being going over many different subjects such as how the experiment was set up, the effects on phone calls after the Frank Jude beating, and also the effect on phone calls in the other three cases as
In this set of materials, the reading passage describes a definition and characteristics of asthma, and the listening passage explains a possible cause of this disease. According to the reading passage, the influence of the environment in asthmatics causes the bronchial narrowing. Animal fur, pollen, cigarette smoke, house dust mites, perfume, and emotional stress are examples of sources that can trigger the inflammation.