Lifelong Learning Methodology

Methodology

Using methodology includes the study of research articles connected with competence development, normative and legislative basis of sustainable development, changing of the learning process.

Lifelong Learning

Lifelong learning (LLL) is connected with formal, informal and non-formal educations. Smith (2002) discusses these approaches and gives next definitions in accordance with the work of Coombs with Prosser and Ahmed:

Formal education: the hierarchically structured, chronologically graded “education system”, running from primary school through the university and including, in addition to general academic studies, a variety of specialized programs and institutions for full-time technical and professional training.

Informal education: the truly lifelong process whereby every individual acquires attitudes, values, skills and knowledge from daily experience and

It’s clear that people are included in all these processes of education during life. Starting from informal education in the family, everybody gets a formal education then and received new knowledge via informal and non-formal educations – different seminars, conferences, writing articles, self-education, etc. In many cases such education demands teacher’s presence especially for formal and non-formal educations. Hence these types of educations are closely interconnected and add each others.

Lindroos (2015) writes that “Lifelong learning is often defined as a set of activities provided outside the mainstream education. However, the situation is changing and in the future university level lifelong learning should rather be seen as an integrated part of university education. With external pressure, such as unemployment, needs of upgrading skills, and broadening participation, lifelong learning is moving higher up on strategic agendas of IIHE”. That is, formal and non-formal educations will