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The Reconstruction, Jim Crow Era, And The Gilded Age

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The United States experienced a period of tremendous development between 1865 and 1900, marked by great advances in science and culture, rapid industrialization, westward expansion, and social unrest. Known by many as the Reconstruction, and Jim Crow Era, and the Gilded Age, this period saw the country change from a predominately agricultural civilization to a global industrial superpower. During this time, several significant ideas, ideologies, and beliefs evolved that influenced the course of American politics and culture. The industrialization and urbanization of the late 19th century were one of the most significant themes. Railroads expanded, cities grew, and major businesses emerged as a result of the Second Industrial Revolution's profound …show more content…

The idea of Manifest Destiny and westward expansion was another major theme of the time. The First Transcontinental Railroad's completion in 1869, made it easier to colonize the western frontier, which resulted in the eviction of Native American tribes and the creation of new states and territories. The notion of "Manifest Destiny," which held that it was America's destiny to colonize all of North America, encouraged westward migration and provided justification for the annexation of Indigenous territories. New social movements and philosophies, such as Progressivism and Social Darwinism, also began to take shape in the late 19th century. Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection served as the inspiration for social Darwinism, which supported laissez-faire capitalism and the idea of the "survival of the fittest" while progressivism attempted to use government intervention and reform to address the social, economic, and political issues brought on by industrialization. In an endeavor to build a more just and equal society, progressive supported policies including labor rights, women's suffrage, antitrust legislation, and environmental

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However, following the Civil War, a new economy was born in the United States, mainly relying on steam-powered manufacturing, the transcontinental railroad, the electric motor, and the practical application of chemistry. Unlike the pre-Civil War economy and business, this new one was dependent on raw materials from around the world and it sold goods not only in Europe, but all around the world. After the Civil War, business organization also expanded in size and scale. As far as industrial changes go, the period after the reconstruction era was affected in that it used more modern methods to make goods that could be sold faster and more efficiently, with the new railroad system. By the beginning of the 20th century, the nation’s industry would be mainly fueled by banking, manufacturing, meat packing, oil refining, railroads, and steel, as opposed to the pre- Civil War era, in which many people were still farmers or factory

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During the time between the Civil War and the end of World War I industrialization was a big part in the economic, social, and political development of the United States. All three developed the way they did as an effect of industrialization. Economically more money was made from more manufactured goods. Socially living conditions became different. Politically more laws were passed to address problems.

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During the Gilded Age (late 19th century) and the Progressive Era (early 20th century), the United States experienced significant industrialization, marked by rapid economic growth, technological advancements, and social changes. Here are some major events and themes from this period. Expansion of Industry: The Gilded Age saw the rise of industries such as steel, oil, and railroads, which transformed the American economy. Figures like Andrew Carnegie (steel) and John D. Rockefeller (oil) amassed vast fortunes, leading to the emergence of corporate giants known as "robber barons."

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The Gilded Age served as a critical role in shaping the American economy throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. Cities became flooded with immigrants and workers which created a pool of cheap labor. Railroads expanded, connecting the nation’s major cities and generating a nationwide marketplace. During this time, much of the rapid growth that occurred was led by inventions that were created. There was also a few who used this change to their advantage and created business empires.

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The late 19th century and early 20th century was time of great social, economic, and political change in the United States (U.S.). This time era was impacted by two major evens, the Civil War, and the Industrial Revolution. The Civil War physically divided the South and the North, and created a dysfunctional country. In an attempt to mend the country the government entered an era of Reconstruction. Simultaneously, the Industrial Revolution was growing and expanding.

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Prior to the year 1890 the United States went through the era of industrialization. The era focused on manufacturing, and factory work which led to mass production. Industrialization caused the U.S cities and market economy to expand rapidly. Industrialization also shaped the development of a large working class, to provide work for the large industries. Workers experienced poor working conditions such as long hours, poor sanitation, and little pay.

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Between 1800 and 1900, the United States experienced great economic growth. Two factors that contributed to this growth were government policies and technological developments. America at the time was experiencing cultural and industrial revolutions at a rate that most other new nations, even today, could ever dream of. Government policies and technological developments had a huge influence on the American economy and shaped its character to an extent that defined for the future magnitude of success that it would see throughout the century. Policies such as the National Road and the tariff tax, and technological developments such as the cotton gin and the production of railroads, all contributed to the economic growth of the United States.

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From 1865 to 1900, the rise of Industrial America occurred. In this time period, the railroad system was developed, new job opportunities sprung up left and right, and the American dream changed. Although the American society’s economy and standard of living seemed to prosper, it also allowed laborers’ lives to crumble,strikes occurred, children were left uneducated and forced to work in order to help support their families, and forced those families to get accustomed to squalid living conditions and hazardous working environments. The social classes developed.

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At the end of the 18th century, a new aged had arrived, known as the Gilded Age, it is where the economic, social, and political atmosphere was heavily influenced by industrialization. Before the Gilded Age, United States was still expanding their territories, Southerners were still living in small farms, while England and other European countries were more advanced in industrialization. Then 30 years later, after the Civil War, America was one of the countries in the world to lead in industrial power. The dramatic development, changed everyone’s life, people that used to live in farms moved to the urban cities in search of new opportunities, wave of inventions such as the telephone was made, and industries boomed. Industries affected the economic, social, and political atmosphere, affluent industries was manipulating iron, oil, railroads and even the workers; which increased the gap between the wealthy and the poor.

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In response, a new generation of reformers developed, who aimed to solve these problems through social change and state action. Progressive reformers pushed for more governmental control of business and industry and also wanted the development of new social welfare programs. A dedication to social justice and equality was another quality of the Progressive Era. Progressive reformers aimed to deal with the fundamental factors that contribute to social inequality, such as poverty, racism, and limited access to healthcare and education. In addition, they campaigned to strengthen the rights of immigrants, African Americans, and other underrepresented groups, such as women.

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During the late 1800s and early 1900s, American Society rapidly changed. With new technologies and inventions such as railroads people were able to move far into the west, and urbanization led people to conglomerate in large cities in the East. This rapid expansion of technology and change of lifestyle was due to industrialization, which had a variety of effects on American society. Although the rapid rise of immigration in US society from the years of 1865 to 21900 had a minor effect on industrialization, the expansive powers and responsibilities of big businesses and the increase of political voice for the lower working class were major effects of industrialization.

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The period of time after the Civil War and before World War I was a period of tremendous change in America. Although immigration is a major tenet of the United States, due to the changing economy, improvements in transportation, a shifting of the American people to the city, and deepening class divisions, industrialization was the most powerful force shaping the country between 1865 and 1914, followed by urbanization, and finally immigration. The most noticeable effects of industrialization are changes to the economy, alterations in the distribution of wealth, and the rise of organized labor. Overall, the growth of industry raised the standard of living for most people.

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In the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century America, The West, Industrial and Financial growth, Immigration, and Technological Innovation all took part in the society change in America. The change that resulted from these four things was that the American society would begin as a rural agricultural society and then would transform into an industrial metropolitan society. Major issues like the wipe out of bison in the West, American Indians being confined to reservations, the American Civil War, the capacity of the American Industry, bankers allowing businessmen large amounts of money to expand operations, and many other events and actions would lead to a more industrialized American society. The West had an impact on societies development because, with the completion of the railroads, it brought major economic development and opened up areas of the West for settlement.

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The Development of America from 1877 to Present Day In 1877, after the Civil War, everyday life consisted of the standard of living going up, people’s income going up, and the cost of living going up at a faster rate than the rest. During this time, many cultural developments took place such as mass transportation. The South had to almost completely reconstruct itself while over 21.5 million immigrants migrated to America. From 1877 to present day, the development of industrialization, expansionism, progressivism, isolationism, and globalization all took place in America, however, each of them took place under different circumstances and different time periods.

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The Industrial and Gilded Age of America was a time of great social, political, and economic change. It was marked by the rise of powerful business leaders, the growth of industry and technology, and the emergence of new social movements. One of the most significant developments of this era was the growth of the railroad industry, which connected the country and facilitated the movement of goods and people across vast

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