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Greek mythology overview
Greek mythology overview
Theories of altruism
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Odysseus the Brave Hero In Homer's “The Odyssey”, the protagonist, Odysseus is fighting in the 10 year war against Troy. They win the war and now he and his men are trying to get back to their home, Ithaca. He angers the god of the sea, Poseidon, and now he has a god as an enemy. Poseidon sends waves after waves blowing him and his crew to islands, each having a conflict like monsters and goddesses.
William E. Gladstone once said: “Selfishness is the greatest curse of the human race.” In the novel The Wednesday Wars by Gary D. Schmidt, a boy named Holling Hoodhood has an enormous problem. His teacher despises him and he’s on his own. The worst part about it is that his own father would not help him because infuriating his teacher could, in turn, shatter his father’s successful but still fragile company, which Holling is to inherit if it’s still there when he is of age. But the problem is, is his father worried about himself, or the fact that Holling might not be able to succeed him in the company?
When they do act justice is not tempered by mercy. Helen seems to be beyond justice. Justice can seem brutal - especially when it is meted out by Zeus or Poseidon directly - the Phaeacians are brutally punished for their assistance to Odysseus.
He sees how they beat people down and how ruthless they can be with him and his newfound friends. In her writing, Carol Plum-Ucci poses the question, “How does judgement of others affect how a person
The Ancient Greek practice of “xenia” is highly valued, and in Homer’s The Odyssey the practice of “xenia” is vital to receive good one’s fate. For example, the cyclops, Polyphemus, does not value “xenia”, so instead of welcoming Odysseus and his crew, the monster decides to eat the men. As a consequence, he lost his sight, which was primarily from Polyphemus 's blatant disregard for the Ancient Greek practice. His fate could have easily been avoided if he had not eaten his visitors.
The short story “The Scarlet Ibis” by James Hurst elucidates the theme “selfish people aren’t the ones that suffer their selfishness: it's those around them, in which it harms”. The story is about a boy who received a brother after six years of being an only child, but because of an unfortunate disease, his brother wasn’t expected to live long. He unexpectedly lived far longer that anticipated, so his parents finally named him: William Armstrong. Because William wasn’t “all there”, his brother had plans to kill him with a pillow, but his plan was corrupted when his brother smiled at him, showing that he was “all there”. The narrator (who is also William’s big brother) renamed his brother Doodle.
In ancient Greek ideology and mythology there is a common theme of characters ‘getting what they deserve’. In Homer’s graphic novel The Odyssey, there are several occasions where this theme of reciprocity is occurring. Revenge and justice are something that the romans held highly in their culture, so characters in their stories often had fates that was deemed fit for their ‘crime’. Odysseus crew was told before their journey to the island of Thrinacia, that they had to steer clear of this island.
All their inflictions come from us, we hear. And what of their own failings? Greed and folly double the suffering in the lot of them.” Zeus’
While Odysseus’ actions taken to punish the suitors may appear immoral in modern society, by considering the ways in which modern society differs from Homeric society, Odysseus’ actions are just in the context of the poem. As violence has an extremely negative connotation in modern society, the use of the death penalty is morally ambiguous, and is a highly debated topic; however, violence is far more legitimized in the society of the Odyssey, and therefore, death is a far more acceptable form of punishment. This idea is exemplified by the way in which violence is discussed between characters within the Odyssey. In particular, this general acceptance of violence is demonstrated through the fact that many of the characters within the Odyssey share an almost unanimous belief that the suitors should be put to death to pay for their crimes.
As one of the most prominent epic poems in Greek literature, the Odyssey incorporates many values upheld during the Bronze Age and allows us to understand what the community was like during that time. Readers can gain more insight into the cultural practices and daily life to help expand their knowledge of the Homeric age. Themes such as Xenia and masculinity were highlighted throughout the poem, but the most prevalent theme was the importance of the father and son relationship. The epic emphasizes the negative impacts of a son not having a father figure for guidance and shows how Telemachus needed Odysseus. The Odyssey displays the importance of a father figure for a son’s development as Telemachus’ lack of guidance and connection to his
Selfishness is portrayed as self-righteousness, pridefulness, greediness, indifference to faith, vanity, attention seeking, idolatry, and holding grudges. All of these build a picture of how broken humanity is. These descriptions also emphasize that idea that heaven and hell are different from each person. For example, the mother in chapter 11 lost her son prior to her own death. Her desperation and all-consuming love for him became a source of idolatry in her life, and thus, an unholy endeavor in her life.
By hurting other egoists or possibly oneself, egoists are faced with a fatal objection to their moral
However, some characters in the epic display many great qualities. In The Odyssey by Homer, loyalty, courage, and trickery are displayed throughout the book in a positive manner, showing that they are the Greek’s cultural values. First, loyalty is shown as a cultural
Orual’s selfish actions in ‘Till We Have Faces by C. S. Lewis makes her seem like an immoral person. She is extremely reliant on those she cares about to provide joy in her life, and she selfishly tears others away from their personal happiness to fuel her own. Though she claims she does so for the benefit of the others, she only causes more pain. However, in ‘Till We Have Faces by C. S. Lewis, Orual’s selfishness and possessiveness stems from the love she holds for those in her life, therefore readers can sympathize with her and the consequences of her actions are mitigated.
The relationships between the Greek gods and mortals have always been complicated. The gods can be generous and supportive, but also harsh and destructive towards the humans. They claim to be all powerful beings with unlimited power and influence, but in truth, they are far more human than they are perceived. They meddle with human lives, not because they are wise, but because of their own selfish reasons. In Homer’s