The Theory Of Anarchism And Social Anarchism

ABSTRACT : A number of political philosophers put forward theories related to the perspectives of the state. One of these theories is the theory of Anarchism. The basic principle on which the theory stands is that society exists without the state, a society which is based on voluntary cooperation and free association of individuals and groups . The origin of the idea of Anarchism can be traced back to several years Before Christ. Modern anarchism emerged from the secular or religious thought of the Enlightenment.
Anarchist schools of thought had been generally categorized into two main historical traditions, individualist anarchism and social anarchism, which have some different origins, values and evolution. The individualist wing of anarchism

Individualist anarchism refers to a group of individualistic philosophies that sometimes are in conflict. It later expanded,covering Europe and the United States. Benjamin R. Tucker, a famous 19th-century individualist anarchist, held that "if the individual has the right to govern himself, all external government is tyranny.
General theories of Individualist Anarchism:
Liberty’s editorial stance was based on two principles that constituted a “plumb-line” by which individualist anarchism would be measured and by which, all other reform schemes would be criticized. These two basic principles were Individual Sovereignty and equal liberty. The basis of anarchist society was to be sovereign individual who would recognize that her own liberty could not be absolute, but had to be limited by an equal amount of liberty for other individuals. Only by making liberty equal for all could all individuals enjoy liberty and none be

Godwin was also a utilitarian who believed that not all individuals are of equal value, with some of them being of more worth and importance than others depending on their utility in bringing about social good. Godwin opposed government because it infringed on the individual 's right to "private judgement" to decide on which actions would maximize utility, but also made an evaluation of all authority over the individual 's private judgement. Godwin took individualism to the radical extent of opposing individuals performing together in orchestras. The reason he opposed cooperation is because he believed it to interfere with an individual 's ability to be benevolent for the greater good. Godwin supported individual ownership of property, defining it as "the empire to which every man is entitled over the produce of his own industry." Godwin 's political views were diverse and do not perfectly agree with any of the ideologies that claim his influence; Godwin says that an egalitarian society would emerge when individuals would give their surplus property to each other based on ethics, but, on the other hand time, he insists that everything should be left to individual choice which was seen by many writers as a conflict between his advocacy of private judgement and utilitarianism. Kropotkin noted that many of Godwin’s views changed over