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Thomas Hobbes And John Locke

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Thomas Hobbes book Leviathan essentially depicts his view on what Hobbes believes on how society should be. Leviathan, which is described in his writings as a large person where the body is made up of the individuals within society and the head of the person is made of the king. Essentially, Hobbes views on humanity were not the greatest. Remember, his view on state of nature was that "mankind was inherently violent”. With growing up having to live in fear all his life with political anarchy going on around him and with the belief that people would always live in discourse with one another. Therefore, Hobbes theory of the social contract was in the favor of absolute sovereignty. Meaning that the King/Queen would be the head of society and the …show more content…

In his book The Two Treatises of Government Locke is arguing against Robert Filmer’s ideology that men are not naturally free . This same ideology can be referenced to Hobbes ideal of absolute sovereignty. Locke believes that men are born with reason and therefore it is not possible to be born underneath the rule of King because people are able to govern themselves. This is a view where Hobbes and Locke differentiate on how people should be governed. Locke’s view on the state of nature is that all born men are equal this would disagree with royalist who believed that the monarchy should still be in placed. Another view point within the book stated was that men had the ability to overthrow a government if they had been wronged. Another idea Hobbes and Locke differentiated on while Hobbes believed that once society had chosen a ruler they had a social contract while Locke believed that if the ruler infringed on life liberty or property the people had a right rid themselves of their government. Locke refers to this as “State of War” an example of this occurs when Charles I refused to call parliament, raised taxes upon his people and many believed that he was a secret Catholic (the protestants feared the Catholics and didn’t want their king to be one). When Charles refused to call parliament he obviously couldn’t be granted any money therefore imposed taxes in which ultimately in the end angered everyone. The downside of not listening to his people caused a dis-connect within the King, Parliament and the people. Within this situation Locke would say it was only right to try Charles with treason because the king was not protecting his people and their commonwealth. While Hobbes in the end would disagree I agree that the people in that time not only favored a monarch but also needed

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Hobbes believed that without a strong government, people experience continual fear and danger of violent death and lives that are solitary, poor, brutish, and short.” This quote is important because many people who are not ruled usually lead to destruction and mayhem. According to hobbes “appointing a diverse group of representatives to present the problems of the common people to the leviathan. These representatives would only have the power to present opinions, since all final decisions would be made by the leviathan.” i imagine that hobbes presumes that the citizens will take advantage of anyone who is seen as a “good” person, this idea can provide the people with a voice and still be able to make the right

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John Locke and Thomas Hobbes were early English philosophers who each had very different views on the roles of the government and the people being governed. Their interpretations of human nature each had a lasting and vast impact on modern political science. Locke believed that men had the right to revolt against oppressive government. “‘Being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions.”

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Hobbes argued that once an individual is a part of an absolute monarchy, they no longer have the rights to branch away from the government. He created the idea that people who are a part of this absolutist society cannot fight against the authority because it provides protection for the people. Locke had another viewpoint which regarded the protection of the people, but he saw it in a civil society. Locke explained that the social contract was the result of men who had the equal rights as a natural concept of life. He preached that all men have rights and freedom to express their opinions and protection of their property.

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Hobbes and locke were two philosophers who two different ideas on the world and human behavior as a whole. Hobbes mainly believed that without any form of government people will always be trying to fight for power. On the other hand, Locke believed everyone is born peaceful but can be corrupted by society. Hobbes and Locke both had very different views on different human nature, the purpose of government, and both had a big influence on many different countries.

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Hobbes believed that natural state of humans was violent and therefore needed order and control to ensure a just and equal society (Robinson 2016, 4). However Hobbes believed that a sovereign could maintain power without deceit and manipulation. Hobbes believed in the social contract which is when people could have a moral understanding about right and wrong to avoid the chaotic violent human nature. Hobbes believed in the idea of utilitarianism which would “maximize the most good and minimize the pain” (Robinson 201, 4). This would ensure that the sovereign was doing things for the right reasons and not to better himself but to better society as a

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When comparing the two different accounts of English philosophers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke we must take into consideration a number of things such as the age in which they lived and the time in which they produced their philosophical writings. We will however find out that these two philosophers actually have a couple of things in which agree on even though most of their opinions clash. On one side we have Thomas Hobbes who lived in the time of the English Civil War (1642-1651) who provides a negative framework for his philosophical opinions in his masterpiece Leviathan and who advocates for philosophical absolutism . On the other side we have John Locke, living during the glorious revolution (1688-1689) he presents a positive attitude in his book The Second Treatise of Government and advocates for philosophical and biblical constitutionalism. It is important that we know that the state of nature describes a pre- political society prior to the social contract.

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Hobbes developed the ‘social contract theory’, which is the idea that civilians give up some of their freedom and liberty for protection from the leader. This concept, which was used during Hobbes’s time, is still a part of the government today. Hobbes brings down this concept in his world famous book, Leviathan. A picture of a ‘giant’ monarch holding onto a tiny world is used to describe his version of the social contract. The drawing depicts the trade of freedom for safety.

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