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Three Major Theoretical Perspectives Essay

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The three major theoretical perspectives in pyscology are learning, psychodynamic, and biological. Each one of these perspectives searches for answers about behavior thrpugh different techniques and through looking for answers to different kinds of questions. Due to the different approaches, each perspective is widely accepted while others struggle for acceptance. Learning Perspective The writings and findings of Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner have done for the advancement of modern pyscology. Many of the important findings in pyscology from their theory of behaviorism, later evolving into social-learning theory or cognitive social learning theory. Proponents of the learning perspective think that mentalism should abandoned …show more content…

Primarily because many of the psychoanalysis assumptions could not be verified, research psychologist was more related to philosophy rather than clinical science. Though not as scientific as the other perspectives, the psychodynamic perspective is none the less still associated with psychology. When Sigmund Freud released his book,” The Interpretation of Dreams”, it was met with little success: but it eventually provided the foundation of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is too did into unconscious to find the source of the disturbances. Concerned more with therapy than scientific observation and research, psychodynamic psychologists probe the mind to find events, usually from childhood, the manifest feelings of fear, violence, love, etc. Aggressive feelings, or sexual feelings located in this unconscious: and regardless of what a person does, they will come out during normal activities. By finding the root of these feelings, it can be understanding why a person may act the way that they do. Also by discovering these events, it may be possible to help people channel the energy in a positive way or solve the

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In this paper I am going to explain and describe the three perspectives described in this prompt. Perspective one “ Individuals could not possibly hope to solve problems as large as the ones we face today. Only large governments with sizable resources can help.” This is basically saying that the individuals can not solve any of the problems we have today but that only the government is able to fix these. The person that has this perspective thinks that the people and their communities can not do anything to help poverty along with all of the other issues.

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1189 Words | 5 Pages

Given the broad areas of interest falling under the purview of biological psychology, it will probably come as no surprise that individuals from all sorts of backgrounds are involved in this research, including biologists, medical professionals, physiologists, and chemists. Indeed, Tolman stated, “I believe that everything important in psychology can be investigated in essence through the continued experimental and theoretical analysis of the determiners of rat behavior at a choice-point in a maze.” Behaviorism dominated experimental psychology for several decades, and its influence can still be felt today. Given that any behavior is, at its roots, biological, some areas of psychology take on aspects of a natural science like biology. Reflecting the diversity of the field of psychology itself, members, affiliate members, and associate members span the spectrum from students to doctoral-level psychologists, and come from a variety of places including educational settings, criminal justice, hospitals, the armed forces, and industry.

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Introduction Learning enables you as an individual, to gain more knowledge about something which you have never learned about. Learning also has to do with past experiences which are influenced by behavioural changes (Weiten, 2016). There are different types of ways to learn; through, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning which will be discussed and analysed in the essay.   Behaviourism Behaviourism is considered one of the main subjects in psychology and the two main people who founded behaviourism were, Burrhus Frederic Skinner, also known as B.F Skinner and Ivan Pavlov who were famous for the work they did on classical and operant conditioning (Moderato & Presti, 2006). According to Moderato and Presti

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716 Words | 3 Pages

There are four Major Theoretical Perspectives of Social Psychology. The first is Sociocultural where an individual’s behavior is influenced by their surroundings. Second, is Evolutionary, this is how an individual’s psychological traits contribute to survival. Another theoretical perspective is known as Social Learning, which explains how an individual’s past experiences will drive them to either perform a task or not, depending on whether they experienced positive or negative reinforcement. Finally, comes Social Cognitive perspective which describes how an individual will choose where to focus their attention in a given situation.

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956 Words | 4 Pages

Evaluate Vygotsky’s Socio-cultural theory in educational practice. Lev Vygotsky was a famous Russian psychologist, who even though died at the age of 38, revolutionized developmental psychology and the field of educational psychology. Vygotsky’s theories were known for being ingenious as well as an inspiration to other psychologists for their subsequent research. Over the years, Vygotsky’s works were used as groundwork for various research and study in cognitive development and was proclaimed as the ‘Mozart of psychology’ by the scientist, Toulmin (Dolya, 2010). Further, Vygotsky noted the state of educational crisis that was ongoing because of the distinct division between instruction and the student’s psychological processes.

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1231 Words | 5 Pages

Each perspective with their good and bad sides, there are many perspective ranging from: Behavioural Approach; Biological Approach; Clinical Approach; Cognitive Approach; developmental approach; evolutionary Approach, Forensic; et al. BEHAVIOUR APPROACH PERSEPCTIVE Behaviourism is different from the environment because people are viewed as being controlled by their environment and that humans are a products of what they learn from the environment (Saul McLeod 2007). It is a perspective that focuses on learned behaviour more of a man is a product of his environment that the genes has no influence on the way a human behaves, it focused solely on observable behaviours. For a long time in the 50s, this psychological thought was dominating until the early twentieth

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He explained dreams as manifestations of one's deepest desires and anxieties, often relating to repressed childhood memories or obsessions. Furthermore, he believed that virtually every dream topic, regardless of its content, represented the release of sexual tension. In The Interpretation of Dreams (1899), Freud developed a psychological technique to interpret dreams and devised a series of guidelines to understand the symbols and motifs that appear in our dreams. In modern times, dreams have been seen as a connection to the unconscious mind. They range from normal and ordinary to overly surreal and bizarre.

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The following is three of the perspectives in psychology which I will discuss regarding how we understand the human and animal behavior. Each perspective has their own explanations. While some are widely accepts other are not and have become the basis for scientific debate.

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The idea of Psychoanalysis was first brought about by Dr Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis was inspired by Freud’s interest and influence of Dr Breuer and held high interest in one of Dr Breuer’s patient

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1528 Words | 7 Pages

Psychoanalysis was first introduced by Sigmund Freud and is now known as classical psychoanalysis. The theory, as defined by Sigmund Freud, is the dynamic between underlying forces that determine behavior and personality. He stressed the importance of human sexuality, childhood experiences, and the unconscious processes. However, his theory was seen as misogynistic and narrow focused. Consequently, classical psychoanalysis was criticized and rejected by many scholars.

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854 Words | 4 Pages

Psychology is the science of behaviour and is concerned with perception and learning. The behavioural patterns of organisms and how they adapt to changing environments is of particular interest to psychologists. In the past psychology was based mainly on introspection. The assumption of early behaviourists, such as Pavlov, was that all behaviour was essentially of the same form (George, 1971). Humans are social animals, we share this feature with many other species (Gallese, 2001).

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901 Words | 4 Pages

“Dream interpretation” is the term used to describe the process of interpreting a dream by a dreamer (client), with the help of a therapist. Psychoanalyst uses this technique in therapy as a means of helping their clients understand themselves better. The initial and most important work on this topic has been done by three psychoanalysts: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), is known as the father of psychology because of his vast contribution to the field of psychology. He was among the first to work extensively with dreams and to use it in therapeutic sessions.

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705 Words | 3 Pages

In its most general sense, Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning developing as a result of the ideas and beliefs shared by a group of people who has influenced educators’ view of learning. The term behavioral psychology refers to a psychological approach which principally concerned with stimulus-response activities and emphasizes the role of environmental factors in a learning process, to the exclusion of own free will. There is a tenet of behavioral psychology that “only observable, measurable, an outward behavior is worth investigating” (Bush, 2006, p. 14). Historically speaking, behaviorism was originated in the 1880s and develops gradually in the twentieth-first century and beyond. Skinner and

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1037 Words | 5 Pages

The four major theoretical perspective that were discussed in class were: era of Mass Society and Mass Culture, Limited Effects era, Critical and Cultural Studies, and Meaning-Making Perspectives. All four era 's have happened over the years as media changed a new era would began. Each era includes many different theories to study mass media and have it affects the world. As years passed new ones were developed, old ones were rediscovered or improved. Either way these four major theoretical perspectives helped create an understanding in media and the society.

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2254 Words | 10 Pages

Chapter 1 1. Introduction The history of learning theory can be traced back to Ancient Greece, where the modern history of learning psychology dates back to the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. Learning primary interest was purely based on behavior which developed the psychology of learning as ‘behaviorism’ (Gropper, 1987).

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