Torture: Detecting Witches In The Middle Ages

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part of the book describes the practical details of detecting, judging and eliminating witches. They are considered such problems as trusting the witness testimony and the need to eliminate malignant accusations, but on the other hand, gossip is considered as a justification for prosecution, and living defense is a testimony to the possession of the underworld by the Devil. The work provides guidance on how to protect the processors from the witches' power, declaring that the parties representing God during the process are insensitive to the powers of Satan. There are ways of extorting testimonies, together with the recommended torture order: using hot iron and shaving the entire body of the witch in search of the Devil. During the torture, the person was questioned at the same time in accordance with the indictment. Torture is divided into preliminary and final ones. Pre-trial tortures were used to force the investigator, in most cases investigated - to admit to guilt. For this purpose, the following methods were used: striping, threatening, binding, whipping, squeezing and crushing, stretching on the ladder. In court reports, initial torture was often ignored and it was said that the defendant admitted himself voluntarily. Final torts (flogging, burning or burning, melt) were used in …show more content…

In addition to material reality, there was also an invisible reality for the eyes, and these two orders, temporal and supernatural, mingled and intertwined ones. The fact that the world was the arena of the struggles of invisible divine and demonic forces was an obvious fact that was not questioned by anyone. All the states believed in the possibility of practicing magic and witchcraft and in the existence of those who wanted and could do it – the believers were the peasants, the burghers, the nobility, as well as the princes and