There are a number of different perspectives and approaches when looking a sociological study of gangs. The top four approaches are sociological, anthropological, psychological and business/economic approach. The sociological approach focuses on the social reasons why people join or form gangs. This approach states that gangs benefit when emphasis is placed on the cultural context and focus on why the gangs joined in the first place. This approach focuses on family and how the family structure can cause youth to join gangs. The formation of subcultures, the hierarchical roles in gangs, the values and norms that gang members develop as to why they joined a gang. The anthropological approach views the formation of gangs as a “rite of passage”