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What Are The Key Contemporary Challenges Of The Criminal Justice System

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Provide a brief description of how the criminal justice system operates in Northern Ireland, critically assessing a key contemporary challenge facing the criminal justice system with specific reference to:. Non-custodial sentences The criminal justice system in Northern Ireland is a complex institution that plays a crucial role in maintaining law and order across the county. It was after the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that the Northern Ireland criminal justice system was made to change, due to the previous policing system being entirely upheld by politics and the instability that came with it through violence and sectarianism. Within Northern Ireland, the nature of the criminal justice system is debated, as it is bound to the political atmosphere, …show more content…

This, too, can aid misconceptions and concerns raised in terms of sentence leniency. This would promote public opinion, as confidence in sentencing will allow offenders to take accountability and address the root cause of their criminal behaviour. Secondly, for proper integration, there is a need for a more communal-based justice system, as it is critical to overcoming challenges associated with non-custodial sentencing such as anti-social behaviour. This includes ensuring adequate resources and support are given to the individuals serving their alternative sentencing; this ensures mental stability and the possibility of rehabilitation and provides the necessary intervention and supervision. This may involve community outreach programmes, mental health services, and substance abuse treatment and therapy; it is these programmes that diminish re-offenders. Moreover, there is a need for ongoing evaluation and research to ensure the accountability and effectiveness of non-custodial sentencing in Northern Ireland. This allows the identification of the best practices and areas for improvement for people in Northern Ireland within the community justice system. By informing policies and practices that are aimed at enhancing the possible outcomes of non-custodial sentences for both offenders and the wider

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A study done by Criminal justice inspection Northern Ireland found the rate of recidivism went down when young offenders were diverted into restorative justice furthermore study concludes that people were often quite pleased with the outcome of the restorative justice(Restorative Justice Council,

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The traditional goals of sentencing are retribution, deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation (Stinchcomb, 2011). A more contemporary goal of criminal sanctions is restorative and community justice (Stinchcomb, 2011). Retribution is founded on the principle that offenders should receive their ‘just desserts’. However, the penalty must be proportionate to the offence committed (Welch, 2004, p.83) Deterrence aims to reduce criminal offending.

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More people get incarcerated for non-violent crimes and crimes caused by mental illnesses or drug abuse (Webb, 2009) and because these people get put in regular prisons, instead of in mental health facilities or facilities to help against drug addiction, where they could be treated to further prevent crimes driven by their illness (Webb, 2009), the prisons get overfilled and cannot hold the more ‘important’ prisoners that needed to be locked away from the public. A strong link of the criminal justice process is that the system tries to keep it fair for everyone. Every defendant has the right to an attorney so they can be defended properly and fairly and “Only judges who are adequately informed about a case can effectively control the proceedings and examine evidence” (Tochilovsky, 2002) It is also important for the criminal justice system that those involved show discretion and although this is not always the case, discretion by the judges, police, etc.

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The concept of ‘recidivism’ is central to understanding the criminal justice system. Recidivism occurs when a person commits a crime again despite having been punished before. One of the main goals of the criminal justice system is to reduce recidivism but in fact longer sentences may increase the probability of recidivism (Griffiths & Cunningham, 2000). One reason is that the climate within a prison is not helpful to the inmate in making personal changes that can lead to reduced recidivism. However, psychologists are trying to develop intervention programmes that in fact lead to such personal changes so as to reduce recidivism.

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