Dionna Johnson~ Chapter 2 Paper Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates, and they're the simplest form of sugar also. Monosaccharides are the main block of complex carbohydrates, such as disaccharides and polysaccharides. They appear in a crystal-like substance, and can dissolve in water. Molasses has a high content of the monosaccharides. Yogurt contains monosaccharide galactose, cherries contain monosaccharide fructose.
B-galactosidase breaks down the disaccharide lactose into simple sugars glucose and galactose. However, glucose is a colorless compound hence it has to be substituted with a compound that is detectable by a visible color change. Hence,
Reagent tablets react with all monosaccharides sugar.
Chronic periodontitis Chronic Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms or groups of specific microorganisms, leading to progressive destruction of the attachment apparatus of the teeth including periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone with periodontal pocket formation, and recession of the gingival tissue(1) . The clinical feature that characterizes periodontitis from gingivitis is the presence of clinically apparent attachment loss. This loss mainly is associated with changes in the density and height of subjacent alveolar bone (1). Severe generalized periodontitis affects 5–15% of any population worldwide and is a major cause of teeth loss after dental caries (2). Chronic Periodontitis also known as adult periodontitis or chronic adult
Have you ever been talking to someone and notice they have food stuck in between their teeth? Image what else is stuck between their teeth that you can’t see, Plaque! Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that builds up on the teeth and the gum line. Increased amounts of plaque can aid in the formation of cavities and increase the chance of getting gum disease. After plaque has accumulated it begins to turn into tarter (a hard version of plaque).
This resulted in a 75% isolated yields. The dissolution of Gelatin in Phosphate Buffered Sodium was done to a final concentration of 5 wt% at a room temperature. EDC and ethylenediamine were added to the gelatin solution. The solution was in the ratio of 1:2:40 (carboxyl groups: EDC:
Dextrose is an alternative to D-Glucose and refers to the pure, crystalline, monosaccharide obtained after a total hydrolysis of starch, whereas glucose refers to the sugar found in the human body (Dextrose Chemistry, 2015). Found in two forms dextrose can be known as a monohydrate, which is one molecule of crystal water, in comparison to anhydrous dextrose which contains no water (which was used in this experiment) (Dextrose Chemistry, 2015). Dextrose and Fructose are isomers of one another, as each have the same general formula of C6H12O6, and relatively similar molecular structure (as can be seen in Figure 3) (Glucose, 2015; Wine Making Webinar,
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION Mucoadhesion is due to strong interaction between chemical groups of polymers and mucosal lining of the tissues. Mucin, the principal component of mucus, is responsible for the gel-like properties of the mucus. Mucin, basically glycoproteins, which consist of a protein core covalently attached over its length with carbohydrate chains. Mucus helps in protecting the tissues from chemical and mechanical damages using its lubrication properties. Mucoadhesive interactions achieved mainly by hydrogen bonding of carboxyl, hydroxyl and other hydrogen bonding groups between glycoprotein and mucin.1 Transmucosal delivery of therapeutic agents attained much attention compared to other methods of drug delivery in recent days.
Although OC is a superficial oral infectious lesion that is clinically detectable, it should be taken seriously due to its high potential to develop into a systemic infection in immune-compromised patients. Oral presentations of candidiasis vary from the large white plaques of pseudomembraneous candidiasis on the tongue and buccal mucosa to the palatal erythematous lesions of chronic atrophic candidiasis, and to angular cheilitis on the labial commissures .The primary etiological agent of oral candidiasis is the yeast C. albicans; however, other species that cause disease less commonly include C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C parapsilosis, C. guilliermondii, and C. dubliniensis
Scurvy is a nutritional disorder found in animals such as humans and guinea pigs. Specifically, it is a vitamin-C deficiency in animals that cannot synthesize vitamin-C. The lack of this vitamin disturbs the body’s ability to produce collagen which affects bone and tissue formation as well as inhibiting blood clotting. Presently, this deficiency is highly uncommon in humans, but it can be found in rare cases in alcoholics, the elderly, and children with poor diets due to economic reasons. In the 16th and 18th century, sailors’ teeth would fall out as they would neglect to bring along enough citrus foods to meet their daily requirements.
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 94(3), pp. 483-491. Wieser, H., 2007. Chemistry of Gluten Proteins. Food Microbiology, Volume 24, pp.
γ-chitin is considered as variant of α-chitin with different packing and polarities of chitin sheets. α-chitin is the most abundant polymorph, it is found in shrimp shells, lobster and crabs tendons and shells, fungal and yeast cell walls and in insects cuticle. It is also found in or produced by various marine living organisms [6,9]. In addition, α-chitin can be prepared through results from recrystallization from solution, in vitro biosynthesis or enzymatic polymerization [18,19]. α-chitin is highly crystalline (displays orthorhombic crystals), with both intra and inter-sheet hydrogen bonding creating a tight network that interferes with the passage of solvent, these bonds involves the association of the hydroxyl-methyl groups of adjacent chains.
Plaque is the enemy. Plaque is the sticky substance left behind on your teeth even after food debris is long gone. It’s responsible for creating dental caries and gum disease, therefore - it has to go. If you only plan on brushing to remove food particles hanging out after eating - you’re missing the point because plaque is microscopic and you may not even know it ’s there.
The aim of the experiment was to test different types of soft drink on calcium carbonate marble chips, which were used in place of human teeth, and record what percentage of the marble chips dissolved when it was left in the soft drink overnight. These results will show which of the five soft drinks tested was the most harmful, and the ingredients will be examined to explain why the particular soft drink was the most detrimental to human teeth. Human teeth are covered in a hard substance called tooth enamel, which is made of hydroxyapatite. Enamel is the hardest tissue in the body and is vital in protecting teeth from decay (Callison, 2018). Enamel erosion occurs when acids wear away at the teeth and can result in painful temperature sensitivity, discolouration, cracks and chips, and indentations appearing on the teeth, and will result in cavities (Smith, 2013).
The prevalence of dental caries is trending to increase in developing countries and requires a great deal of attention as it has a multi-factorial etiology. Dental
