Why Is Eugenics Redeemed
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"After Hitler eugenics did not disappear. It renamed itself. What has thrived loudly for decades quietly took post-war refuge under the labels human genetics and genetic counselling."-Edwin Black, War against the weak
After the war the benevolent practice of eugenics had been shown to the world as the cruel, malevolent procedure that it was. The popularity of eugenics was falling as the “data, the motives, and the 'science' behind eugenics all came under scrutiny and criticism” (Galton, David (2001)).To be forgiven for the evils of the war eugenics had to once again become benign and family friendly, but the tarnished name of eugenics could not be used to name this new movement, eugenics was reborn under the new
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He was also the author of updated eugenic family studies, The Jukes in 1915, and The Nam Family: A Study in Cacogenics (1912). Estabrook’s research emphasized the role of genetic susceptibility over environment in the creation of degenerate populations. His studies framed the degenerate behavior of his subjects as justification for stringent reproductive controls including institutional segregation and sterilization. To understand the sociological dimensions of the study,
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Eugenics is not a thought of morale and is not designed to save the entire human race, just the upper socioeconomic class. In North Carolina, feeble minded individuals were used as subjects for all kinds of genocidal experiments. Feeble minded simply means someone who suffers from an illness or mental deficiency and are often easier persuaded because they think they are getting help when they were really being coerced into becoming a test
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In 1933, the ‘Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring’ was passed, ordering forced sterilization of those who were considered to be Disabled. These people included those with deafness, blindness, physical deformities, epilepsy, schizophrenia, etcetera. (“Law for the Prevention of Offspring with Hereditary Diseases”). Hitler backdated his order to September 1st, 1939, the day World War II began, to make it appear as if this was a wartime measure. The individuals were taken to supposed “Eugenics Court” where doctors and lawyers loyal to Hitler reviewed the cases.
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Darwinists in turn, believed biology to be destiny and that if one's ancestors were unfit their children would be as well. Much like in evolution, Spencer assumed that the unfit populations would decline overtime due to their failure to compete, however paranoia led some Americans to speed up this process, introducing eugenics. Eugenics were supposed to improve men, ridding the undesirable traits of the unfit and changing genetic structure to create more fit individuals. The Eugenics movement in America took people of color, the mentally ill or disabled, LGBTQ individuals, and other members of society deemed unfit, and conducted experimentation ranging from forced breeding, involuntary sterilization, or institutionalization on them. Although the movement was eventually stomped out, it violated thousands of
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Little did they know, they were slowly leading to the downfall of our nation. The word “Eugenics” was coined by Francis Galton. The term comes from the greek roots that mean “good” and“origin”. In other words, the word means “good birth”, which refers to
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Eugenics was prominent during the twenties and aimed to improve the human population by reducing the likeliness of defective genetic traits. Eugenics was practiced mainly in institutions for patients who possessed traits that could be passed through reproduction. During the time of eugenics, a young woman named Carrie Buck was sterilized in order to prevent passing on the traits that she and her mother possessed. Carrie and her mother were both institutionalized and considered “feeble minded”, therefore they were seen as unable to contribute to the procreation of the human race. These ideas of perfecting the human race resembled that of Hitler’s, as described in the Mein Kampf.
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There are cases when law abiding and mentally healthy parents have children who become criminals or mentally ill. In addition, Bethenia Owens-Adair thought that genetics explained everything about the mental and physical state of a child born into a family. In the early to mid 1900’s, most of those who supported Owens-Adair’s idea of Eugenics were not educated
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According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, eugenics is: “a science that deals with the improvement (as by control of human mating) of hereditary qualities of a race or breed”. ("Definition of Eugenics by Merriam-Webster") The most common example of this concept would be the Holocaust, which was the extermination of Jewish people and others deemed “unfit” for society in World War Ⅱ. But little do many know, the Nazi’s were not the only people practicing eugenics in the early 1900’s, eugenics was being practiced in the United States long before the Holocaust. The American Eugenics Society aimed to educate American people on the science of Eugenics.
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Eugenics being, “…the belief that human evolution can be crafted by the encouraged breeding of people who are considered the most desirable—the “fit”—and the discouraged breeding of those who are considered the least desirable—the “unfit” (Withers, 2012, p.13). Reading Wither’s article about eugenics reinforced my beliefs about the horrible way society has and continues to act towards people suffering from mental distress. Society would genuinely rather see people sterilized or dead before offering them actual help or support. The idea that ‘mentally ill’ people are less desirable and ‘unfit’ is still valid today. I can think of two instances immediately when someone has offered me their unsolicited opinions--- opinions that very clearly supported the eugenics
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1920 U.S.A Eugenics Eugenics: (Noun/Verb): The act of attempting the perfection of genes within a pre-existing population similar to that of selective breeding within a select species of mammals. During the Roaring Twenties of the United States a process of artificial selection arose known as the process of Eugenics. Eugenics is as stated, a process of elimination of the “Lesser” individuals to preserve traits that are thought highly of. During the latter 19th Century and the early 20th Century, eugenics was considered a favored method of preserving society, therefore only showcasing the preferred traits within society.
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The popularity of Eugenics in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century as well as the panic over Satanism in the late twentieth century are examples of moral panics. Eugenics gained popularity because people became worried that the human species itself was changing due to integration of people by race and ethnicity. The Satanism Panic was a time of collective anxiety in the U.S. over the perceived threat of cults that would sexually abuse and kill children. Thompson (1998) names two characteristics researchers agree moral panics share: concern and hostility (p. 9). Both Eugenics and the Satanism panic demonstrate public concern and hostility.
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The Holocaust is a shining example of Anti-Semitism at its best and it was no secret that the Nazis tried to wipe out the Jews from Europe but the question is why did the Nazis persecute the Jews and how did they try to do it. This essay will show how the momentum, from a negative idea about a group of people to a genocide resulting in the murder of 6 million Jews, is carried from the beginning of the 19th Century, with pseudo-scientific racial theories, throught the 20th century in the forms of applied social darwinism and eugenics(the display of the T4 programme), Nazi ideas regarding the Jews and how discrimination increased in the form of the Nuremberg Laws , Kristallnacht, and last but not least, The Final Solution. Spanning throughout the 19th century, racial theories were seen. Pseudo-Scientific theories such as Craniometry,where the size of one’s skull determines one’s characteristics or could justifies one’s race( this theory was used first by Peter Camper and then Samuel Morton), Karl Vogt’s theory of the Negro race being related to apes and of how Caucasian race is a separate species to the Negro race, Arthur de Gobineau’s theory of how miscegenation(mixing or interbreeding of different races) would lead to the fall of civilisation.
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Tom & Huck this is the overview of my paper. this will go over their differences and similarities. Tom and Huck are both young boys from the same tone. One lives with his aunt the other lives on his one.
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Eugenics is the science of using artificial selection to improve genetic features of the population. It is thought that improvement of the human race can be seen through sterilization of people who exhibit undesirable traits and selective breeding. Often called Social Darwinism, the concept was widely accepted during the time of World War I. It quickly became a taboo after World War II when Nazi Germany used it as an excuse for genocide. The thought of improving the human race by manipulating who is allowed to breed can either be appalling or compelling.
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Eugenics The term eugenics was coined in 1883 by Francis Galton. He defined it as the study of “the conditions under which men of a high type are produced” and also as “the science which deals with all influences that improve the inborn qualities of a race”. However, it is not just a field of study and, could be taken as a social movement or policy as well. “Eugenics” may refer to the theory that infers hereditable intelligence and fortune which are possessed by the wealthy, successful and intelligent were made as a result of their good selective breeding, and that the lower classes would remain so because they continued to breed with other poor people from lower social classes or casts. Eugenics could be popular amongst people with a vested
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