Channelopathy Essays

Vasovagal Syncope, Pediatric Syncope, commonly known as fainting or passing out, is a temporary loss of consciousness. It occurs when the blood flow to the brain is reduced. Vasovagal syncope, also called neurocardiogenic syncope, is a fainting spell in which the blood flow to the brain is reduced because of a sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure. Vasovagal syncope occurs when the brain and the cardiovascular system (blood vessels) do not adequately communicate and respond to each other

expedient and appropriate care and can lead to more favorable outcomes. Pediatric sudden cardiac arrest can occur with or without prodromal symptoms and may occur with or without exercise. The most common cause is arrhythmia that may be due to a channelopathy, cardiomyopathy, or myocarditis. After stabilization, evaluation should include EKG, chest radiograph, and echocardiogram if available. Management should focus on decreasing the potential for recurring arrhythmia, maintaining cardiac preload

Common disease specific presentation Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common identified cause of SCD.16 It is also the most common inherited cardiomyopathy and has prevalence of 0.2% (1 in 500) in the general population.19 It is generally inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, with variable penetrance of the phenotype. Left ventricular hypertrophy can also be acquired, such as that seen in longstanding hypertension, however whether there is an increased

severity ranging from no clinical symptoms, to simple febrile seizures, and extending to Dravet syndrome, which is the most severe. Mutations of the SCN1A gene cause 79% of diagnosed cases of Dravet syndrome. Frequently referred to as a sodium channelopathy, this intractable (uncontrollable) epilepsy is characterized by unilateral (one-sided) clonic or tonic clonic (grand mal) seizures that may be prolonged progress to status epilepticus. After years of trying to find the cause they were running out

Weiss N, Koschak A. Pathologies of Calcium Channels. Weiss N, Koschak A, editors: Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer; 2014. 2. Takamori M. An autoimmune channelopathy associated with cancer: Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Intern Med. 1999;38(2):86-96. 3. Lennon VA, Kryzer TJ, Griesmann GE, O 'Suilleabhain PE, Windebank AJ, Woppmann A, et al. Calcium-Channel Antibodies in the Lambert–Eaton Syndrome

Torsades de pointes in amiodarone-associated acquired long-QT syndrome Amiodarone was developed in Belgium in 1961 and became popular in Europe for the treatment of angina. Based on Dr. Bramah Singh's investigation, (1) the Argentine physician Dr. Mauricio Rosenbaum started using amiodarone for the treatment of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias with good outcomes. (2, 3) This drug is a class III agent in the Vaughan Williams scheme, with class I. II and IV antiarrhytmic effects. Amiodarone