Cyclohexane conformation Essays

Cyclohexanes give off an extremely high, unfavorable energy due to the spatial orientation of the atoms. Since these atoms are proximally close steric hindrance is observed. When comparing planar cyclohexanes with a chair conformation of a cyclohexane it is important to note how severe the angle strain, torsional strain, and steric strain could be. In planar cyclohexanes the torsional strain and angle strain is quite severe; this is because all C-C bonds are eclipsed (torsional) and all of the internal

The staggered conformation in Newman projection has the lowest energy, which is the most steady arrangement. This is because all the C-H bonds are further away from another as possible due to the repulsion of electron clouds in the chemical bonds. So, the eclipsed conformation has the highest energy, means that it is the least steady arrangement as all the C-H bonds are arranged as near as possible. Figure 2: Staggered and eclipsed conformations of ethane The eclipsed conformer

frequently interconverting rapidly at room temperature. Hydrocarbon alkanes usually present conformation isomerism due to the presence of C-C bonds. C-C σ bonds rotate to give different shapes to a molecule like eclipsed form, staggered and anti form, and staggered and gauche form. In conformations of non-cyclic alkanes, names are given to two distinct conformations, eclipsed conformation and staggered conformation. C-H bonds on each carbon fully overlap with one another at minimum distance, highest energy

Thus, the cyclohexane ring tends to assume certain non-planar (warped) conformations, which have all angles closer to 109.5° and therefore a lower strain energy than the flat hexagonal shape. The most important shapes are chair, half-chair, boat and twist-boat. The molecule can easily switch between these conformations and only two of them ---chair and twist-boat, can be isolated in pure form. The planar cyclohexane is not the ground state conformation, it is very high in energy

dimethyl maleate is formed by two methyl ester groups that are connected by an alkene. They are in a cis-conformation meaning they are on the same side of the alkene, therefore the esters are close to one another. This conformation is strained and sterically hindered due to electrons repelling each other and are enantiomers of one another. With the use of radical chemistry, the cis conformation can be changed into a trans configuration where the esters are on opposite sides of one another. Through

STRUCTURE OF GLUCOSE Introduction to glucose:  There are many types of carbohydrates but the most important one carbohydrate in human body is glucose (C6H12O6). Glucose is also termed as monosaccharide due to the fact that it forms one simple building block of more complicated carbohydrates like starch, glycogen, maltose, sucrose, lactose etc. It is also known as dextrose due to its occurrence in optically active dextro-rotatory isomers [1]. The name "glucose" derived from the Greek word which means

The Diels-Alder reaction is exothermic. In the reaction, the bonding electrons rotate to form carbon-carbon bonds which then create a cyclohexane ring product. The product can be exo or endo. The endo product is the major product since they are the more favored kinetically. In order for a Diels-Alder reaction to occur, the diene must be in the s-cis conformation. If a diene is unable to change from s-trans, which is when it’s most stable, the Diels-Alder reaction cannot happen. The Diels-Alder reaction