Mid-ocean ridge Essays

the Pacific plate. The magma rise through the mantle and the crust as a thin thermal plume because magma is less dense than the solid rock of the plate. It was erupting beneath the ocean to form an active seamount. With the countless eruptions under the sea, the height of seamount keep increase until it breaks the ocean surface and becomes an island volcano. Hotspots do not move, so lava keeps erupting in the same spot over and over again. However tectonic plates move on average a few centimeters

from different scientific fields. He published his information in a book called The Origin of Continents and Oceans. In his book, Wegener presented four different types of evidence. This evidence included geographic fit of the continents, fossils, rocks and mountain ranges, and ancient climate records. The most obvious evidence is that if you were to remove the present-day Atlantic Ocean, the continents would all fit back together. This geographical fit gave Wegener more evidence. Some rock types

Millie Newton Miss Amiat 22 February 2018 Plate Tectonics definition of plate tectonics Plate tectonics is the study of the structure of the earths crust & mantle with reference to the theory that the earths lithosphere is divided into large rigid blocks that are floating on semi fluid rock and are thus able to interact with each other at their boundaries and to the associated theories of continental drift and sea floor spreading. There are a few handfuls of major plates and dozens of minor

the Earth’s strong outer layer, the lithosphere. “This layer is about 100km thick, which includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.” (Rafferty, 2010) Before the late 1960’s, geologists held the perspective that all the continents and ocean basins were in fixed positions. However this view was quickly dismissed, as scientists discovered that in fact the Earth’s continents were not static; but instead they glide across the globe. This movement of continents causes land material to collide

worst hurricane occurred in 1900 in Texas. It was called Galveston Hurricane, it killed 8,000 people. The word hurricane is only used if the storm is formed over the Atlantic Ocean or eastern Pacific Ocean, but in other areas it is considered either a tropical cyclone or a typhoon. These storms are formed when warm ocean water evaporates and mixes with cool unstable winds. The two mix together rapidly and speed increases, when the speed is up to 39mph it becomes a tropical storm. When the storm

were in one continent were identical to the others from on the other continent. If continents are separated by ocean water, the idea that the lands were once together, but drifted apart would be true since they have identical rock sequences. It is highly unlikely that an ocean would be bring rocks that go back to millions of years ago, would just be carried all the way across the ocean unto the other continents. Even if scientist still did not believe the theory, following the same type of study

Era. This period lasted about 53 million years and marked a dramatic burst of Evolutionary changes in life on Earth, known as the "Cambrian Explosion. Plant and Animal Life • In the Cambrian period life was in the oceans and some of variety of microscopic plants were in the oceans. Many Early Cambrian invertebrates are known only from "small Shelly fossils". • There were a variety of microscopic marine plants like the Margarita. • The most important animal group of the Cambrian were the trilobites

evidence that new material is erupting along mid-ocean ridges. The scientists dived to the ocean floor in Alvin, a small submarine that was built to withstand the pressures from four kilometres down in the ocean. In a ridge’s central valley, Alvin’s crew found strange rocks shaped like pillows. This rock can only form when molten hardens quickly after erupting under water. This is evidence that molten material has erupted over and over along the mid-ocean ridge. Evidence From Magnetic Stripes Scientists

Question #1a: Provide a thorough description of the contents of ocean water.            The contents of ocean water is that it is very salty. The salt in the ocean water comes from many different types of rocks on land. How the salt from rocks is that when rain falls down on land the rain will slowly erode the rock. How that is happening is the acid in the rain erodes the rock but it is not dangerous acid to us humans. When the rock gets eroded then it turns into ions which is an atom or molecule

three different types of earthquakes. In fact, nine out of the ten major earthquakes to occur in the last 100 years were the results of subduction zone events. Just to name a few of these earthquakes, the 1960 Great Chilean Earthquake, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, and the 2011 Tohoku earthquake were all the results of plate

into the occurrence of life elsewhere within and outside the solar system (Russell et al, 2008). Several decades of exploration have resulted in the detection of numerous vent sites and faunal assemblages at many mid-ocean ridges and back-arc basins (Rogers et al, 2012). The depths of the ocean went thousands of years without ever being discovered, and once it was known that life was sustainable without sunlight a whole new world opened up to new discoveries. However, inconsistency in

Mid-ocean ridges are sub-surfaced mountain ranges located at the boundaries between the tectonic plates that make up the Earth’s crust (van Dover, 2000; Tivey, 2007; Martin et al., 2008). As the plates are pulled apart by tectonic forces, hot soft rock from the deep Earth emerges to fill the fissure. As the generated ocean crust laterally moves away from the spreading-axis, the age of the crust and the depth of

Introduction: Marine Science The oceans are part of the thin, outer shell of the Earth and marine science is the study of this envelope, from the deep sea to shallow coastal oceans: their biology, chemistry, geology and physics together make marine science a richly inter-disciplinary science. The oceans are dynamic and vast, they contain most of the Earth 's water and carbon and surface heat, and much of its biomass, but they do not operate alone. In collaboration with the atmosphere, continents

shallow end of the pool or you go out in the ocean.” Having been growing up on a boat during the summer for a majority of my life, I have always been surrounded by the ocean. I’ve been exposed to an abundance of different species of marine life, along with their environments. However, the bottom of the ocean has always been a mystery to me; I have never been able to see the surface of the seafloor first hand. Up until today, only about 5% of the ocean has been explored; this percentage will drastically

I was never a fan of flying. It’s not that I’m afraid of heights or anything, it’s just the idea of flying. Launching up into the sky, by an airplane specifically, is quite scary, if you think about it. Just imagine every possible way something could go wrong. The plane could get stuck in a storm and crash. It could also run out of fuel and no one knows it, that would also make the plane crash. Maybe the plane won’t fly high enough, and it could even hit a building! All of these result in you falling

Canada has been through a lot of important events to make it the great known red and white flagged country it is today. Little do people know the history and the hard work it took to make it this way. The way of life that all Canadians appreciate and take advantage for was carved for Canadians by the bloodshed by their great ancestors that knew that one day, it will stand on guard for thee.The battle of Ypres, the achievements of women and the invasion of Normandy, are the most important events in

The battle at Vimy Ridge was a defining moment for Canada as a nation. The reasons for such success during this battle was because of the prelude to the battle, because of the fact that the battle would be the first time that an all-Canadian force had fought in a major battle, and because of innovative strategies and tactics used to defeat the enemy. Vimy Ridge was an extremely sought-after vantage point during WWI. Vimy Ridge is located in northern France, and is about eight kilometers long. The

The Battle of Vimy Ridge and Its Impact on My Community In April 1917 – at the height of the First World War – the Canadian Corps captured the coveted Vimy Ridge from the Germans. It was a battle that shaped Canada’s historical identity but resulted in over ten thousand casualties. Young men from Canadian cities and towns like Oshawa, Ontario were killed in action or died of wounds. Roads were built, schools were named, and monuments were erected in their honour. Over a century later, high

The Battle of Vimy Ridge was an incredibly important battle that signified the turning point for Canada during World War 1. During the battle, all four divisions of the Canadian Army fought together as a single force. Unlike previous battles that were fought by the Allies in the war, a large amount of planning had been put into the assault in order to assure victory for the Canadians. The attack took place on April 9th, 1917; on Easter Sunday morning. The Canadians attacked the German lines, however

The Arctic Ocean is defined as the waters surrounding the North Pole, located within the Arctic Circle, including the northernmost islands of Canada, Norway, and Russia and is mostly covered by ice sheets, ice floes, icebergs and sea ice. Sea Ice is a thin, fragile layer of frozen ocean water that forms in the Arctic and Antarctic oceans. On average sea ice covers 20-25 km² of the Earth, accounting for 7% of the sea surface. The maximum extent of Sea Ice in the Arctic is recorded as 13-15x 10⁶km²