Reaction Essays

the rate of reaction Research Question: Does increasing or decreasing the temperature of hydrochloric acid affect the rate of reaction with magnesium? Introduction: The four factors that affect the rate of reaction; surface area, catalysts, temperature and concentration. In this case, it would be the temperature (Rate of Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid). According to the chemistry textbook, Chemistry higher tier, by increasing the temperature the rate of reaction increases. This

to Copper Sulfate because of its color. As unknown A and B were added together, lots of gaseous bubbles formed and revealed the fact that that reaction was the reaction between Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Carbonate because it was the only reaction that produced a gas release. Unknown A and C produced the only yellow, brown precipitate just as the reaction between Sodium Carbonate and Silver Nitrate had previously. This led to the conclusion that A is Sodium

Lab report: How does the surface area affect the rate of reaction ? Introduction The rate of a chemical reaction (or reaction rate) is a calculation of the total time needed for a reaction to take place, or how quickly the reactants are transferred into products in a chemical process. This rate can be measured in two methods. The first one is to measure the rate at which the reactants are used up per unit of time, while the second method is to measure the rate at which the products are formed

Results Figure 1. Effect of temperature on the reaction rate between catalase and H2O2 Figure 1 shows that the optimum temperature for catalase to catalyze hydrogen peroxide is around room temperature (30℃) as it has a very fast reaction rate (5). The overall trend is that temperatures that differ from 30℃, will decrease the reaction rate. Discussion This experiment supported the hypothesis, since catalase was the most effective with hydrogen peroxide when it was in an environment with a temperature

Nucleophilic substitution reactions can be defined as reactions in which one nucleophile replaces another attached to a saturated carbon atom. A SN2 reaction occurs as a one step process also referred to as a second order due to its rate and is favored by 1°. For these reactions the intermediate is called pentavalent carbon because although there should never be more than four bonds on carbon, the nucleophile attacks as the same time the leaving group makes its way out causing the intermediate to

In this lab, the experiment consisted of multiple reactions performed in a cyclical manner to begin with solid, elemental copper and end with solid, elemental copper. The first and fifth reactions are oxidation-reduction, or redox, reactions, where a transfer of electrons occurs, changing the charge of an element or ion. Redox reactions are often a type of single replacement reactions, in which one elemental species will react with another molecular species, producing another elemental solid out

reactions:synthesis reaction, decomposition reaction, single replacement reaction, double replacement, and combustion reactions. In modern day technology uses these reactions to produce a product or make products function. Single Replacement is a chemical reaction which occurs when one reactant switches for one ion of another reactant. Example 1: AB+C yields to AC+B In words, it is a reaction in which one element is substituted for another element in a compound. The reactions starts with pure elements

Objective: The purpose of this lab is to show the relationship between chemical decomposition and exothermic reactions, as well as applying the scientific method. This is shown through the construction and launching of popper rockets. Introduction: Crucial things to know are exothermic reactions, Scientific method and chemical decomposition. The scientific method is a series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem. First they analyze what the problem is and gather information by what they

The purpose of this experiment is to perform a Friedel-Crafts reaction of ferrocene. Friedel-Crafts reactions are examples of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in which the electrophile is a carbocation or an acylium ion. These reactions form a carbon-carbon bond and allows for either an alkyl or acyl group to be substituted onto an aromatic ring. Figure 1 shows the general mechanism for the Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene. First, the alkyl halide reacts with a strong Lewis Acid catalyst

Discussion: 1. The Diels alder reaction has to be heated slowly to 60-70 degrees Celsius because if it is heated too quickly and the temperature gets too high the 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene will boil. A round bottom flask was attached to a water condenser to prevent any product from boiling and evaporating out during the heating process. For the hydrolysis part of the experiment the temperature needed to be 60-80 degrees Celsius to melt the cyclic anhydride but also prevent the reaction from boiling and losing

Introduction When a chemical reaction occurs anywhere in the universe, it needs energy. The human body is no exception. For some reactions, the energy required to start the reaction is Enzymes are special proteins designed to assist in the breaking down of macromolecules. They do so by holding the macromolecule in place at the active site, therefore lowering the amount of energy it takes to start the chemical reaction. There are different enzymes for each macromolecule; Pectinase and Cellulase are

The purpose of this experiment was to perform a Wittig reaction using two different methods: In method I, 250 mg aldehyde was mixed with 785 mg phosphonium salt in 5 M NaOH solvent. This mixture was stirred for thirty minutes and filter by vacuum filtration for the product. In method 2, 250 mg of aldehyde, 785 mg, benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride, and 380 mg potassium phosphate tribasic were homogenize with a pestle and mortar. Vacuum filtration was also used in this method to attain the product

Rate of Reaction Experiment Rate of reaction is a term used to measure the time or speed that the reaction occurs in. A rate of reaction can be effected by different factors, such as the concentration, temperature, whether or not a catalyst is involved, the state that the reactants were in at the time of the experiment and the amount of pressure that was involved in the experiment. If the concentration, temperature and the amount of pressure involved were higher than the rate of reaction would be

By definition, a chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Chemical reactions can be used to do many daily tasks such as cooking and bodily functions. The reaction rate is the speed at which reactants are converted into products. In the lab done, the purpose was to look at the various ways a reaction rate can be changed. Multiple factors could create different rates at which the reactant will become

this thesis mainly discusses Prins, aza-Prins cyclization and HDA reactions in detail for the construction of six membered O- and N- heterocycles. 1.3.1. Prins Cyclization Reaction In 1919 a Dutch chemist H. J. Prins has first reported

Grignard is a reaction that is crucial to forming the new carbon-carbon bond. This is a two-part lab that teaches new techniques; the purpose of this lab is to introduce realistic organic synthesis and apply acid workup to produce triphenylmethanol. A Grignard reaction is characterized by the addition of a magnesium halide (an organomagnesium halide) to an aldehyde or a ketone in order to form a secondary or tertiary alcohol. These reactions are helpful because they serve as a crucial tool in performing

visible representation of reaction kinetics through dye decomposition with differing concentrations of reactants and the addition of ions within the solution. On day one of the lab, a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration of the dye was determined by creating multiple samples of dye with differing concentrations and measuring their absorbance in a spectrophotometer. On lab day two, using a similar method from day one, the absorbance of different reactions was analyzed and the rate

the study of how fast chemical reactions occur and the mechanisms of them2. The rate law relates the rate of a reaction to the concentrations of reactants (and catalysts) raised to various powers. The rate law is shown in Equation 11. Rate = k[A]x[B]y[C]z (Eq.1) The rate constant (k) is a proportionality constant in the relationship between rate and concentrations, but changes when temperature changes. The effect of temperature on a reaction rate is given by the Arrhenius

A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more reactants are converted into products. Chemical reactions are classified into five main reaction types: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion. The type of chemical reaction can also be classified in one of two ways: oxidation-reduction or non-oxidation-reduction reactions. Based on my recollecting of prior knowledge and recent studies to obtain background information for this particular lab, I was able

Title: The effect of concentration on reaction rates Introduction: - The iodine clock reaction involves mixing two clear solutions and producing a new clear solution. Then, after several seconds, the solution turns dark blue. This can be used to measure how fast a reaction occurs which is known as chemical kinetics. The time taken for the reaction mix to turn blue can be measured with a stopwatch. The reactions that form the basis for the iodine clock reaction are shown below. Equation 1: H2O2 + 3