Literary criticism is an analysis of literature and the process of evaluating, interpreting, and understanding it. It involves examining plot structure, characterization, theme development, symbolism, tone, mood, etc., as well as the historical context within which a work was written. This type of literary analysis helps readers better understand a text by looking at both its form (the way it's structured) and content (what it says). Through this process, we can gain insight into how writers use language to create meaning.
The purpose of literary criticism is not only to analyze what has already been written, but also to evaluate the quality or merit of that writing. In other words, critics are tasked with determining whether or not something should be considered "good" or "bad" art based on their own standards for what constitutes good literature. Of course, there will always be subjective interpretations when reading any given piece; however, there are certain criteria that all works must meet in order for them to be considered successful pieces of literature according to traditional academic standards: coherence and clarity; accuracy and depth; originality and creativity; relevance and significance, etc.