To Build a Fire
To Build a Fire is an acclaimed short story by American author Jack London, first published in Century Magazine in 1908. It tells the story of an unnamed man who attempts to traverse across the Yukon Territory during extremely cold weather with only his dog for company. The protagonist's journey becomes increasingly difficult as he struggles against nature and his own physical limitations due to frostbite and fatigue. He ultimately succumbs to death when his efforts are unsuccessful at starting a fire that would have saved him from freezing temperatures.
The work has become one of the most celebrated pieces of literature about survival in extreme conditions and was highly influential on other writers, such as Ernest Hemingway. In particular, it is noted for its stark realism and symbolism, which allow readers to contemplate themes such as human mortality, existentialism, loneliness, courage, respect for nature's power over mankind's will to survive, and ultimately our lack of control over life itself. Through its use of personification throughout, particularly through references made towards nature, To Build a Fire also serves as commentary on how humans interact with their environment. While some may be able to overcome seemingly insurmountable odds, many can still find themselves vulnerable if they do not heed warnings or pay attention to their surroundings carefully enough.