Discrimination against blacks was happening in both the North and the South equally. While the Plessy vs. Ferguson case declared facilities were to be “separate but equal”, they were separate and unequal for 60 years. In Document C, there is a water fountain where one side is for whites, while the other side is for colored. This only created more tension between whites and blacks, and made the fight even harder for everyone to be treated equally. African Americans will always get the run down part of the bus and the dirtier water fountain.
Come to a mass meeting, Monday at 7:00 P.M., at the Holt Street Baptist Church for further instruction.” Due to the fact that over seventy-five percent of bus riders were African Americans, the bus company lost over $750,000: over seven million dollars today. Many African Americans carpooled or walked when they needed to travel. The participaters in the boycott persisted though peaceful protesting, demonstrating the power peaceful protests had. Eventually, King had come up with three things that he would show to the city commissioners, “the black citizens of the city would not return to the buses until: courteous treatment by the bus operators was guaranteed; passengers were seated on a first-come, first-served basis; and black bus operators were employed on predominantly black routes.”
In 1961 the Freedom Riders changed the civil rights movement by eliminating public segregation through uniting the black community. There were three groups involved with aiding the Freedom Rides come to their goal. Defeating the civil rights movement would not have been accomplished without the help of these three groups. A principle reason why there was so much racism is because of the Jim Crow Laws. On December 5th 1960, one of the Jim Crow Laws became illegal.
When Robinson sat next to his friend who was black, but could pass for white, he was asked to move his seat. He refused to do so and was asked to get off the bus. Robinson was taken to court in this case. Unfortunately, the courts did not rule in his favor, but the word did get out that injustices had occurred. The NAACP got involved and so did other civil rights activist.
Philosophical differences between martin luther king and malcolm X The philosophical differences between Martin Luther King and Malcolm X have to do with the their protest strategies. MLK never fought with violence. Although he would get physically attacked, he stood his ground and continued to fight for equality peacefully. King believed that whites and blacks should come together to end the hate and violence.
This became known as the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Bus companies began to loose tons of money because whites even began to join in. Eventually, buses desegregated so they would start gaining the money they were losing.
After the success with Brown v. Board of Education the segregation battle continued with public transportation. Despite segregated seating on public buses, bus drivers in Montgomery forced African Americans out of their seats for white individuals. If they did not obey the bus driver had the legal right to arrest their orders. Brown v. Board of Education opened doors to challenge the issue of segregation in many other areas as well, such as public transportation. Even though the U.S District Court ruled segregation on public buses as unconstitutional, the city of Montgomery decided to appeal the courts decision to the U.S Supreme Court and continued with public bus segregation.
On May 14th, the greyhound bus arrived and there were 200 white people waiting to attack the bus and the Freedom Riders. This caused the bus driver to not stop in the terminal, and continue straight with the mob of people were following the bus. As the bus continued, the cars of angry people followed, but the tires on the bus were wearing out. They busted, and the mob started attacking the bus. One man threw a bomb on the bus, and the people on the bus fortunately escaped.
This way was most beneficial to do because most of Jim Crow segregation laws were unconstitutional; these laws were purposely created to catch people off guard to allow cruelty, discrimination, and cheap labor. In Document D it says, "The bus company reported that it was losing $1600 per day.' ' The white section was reduced to two rows, the Black section was also reduced to two rows and anyone of any color could sit in between. " This shows how Black Louisianans would boycott and it worked like a charm. In Document C it says, "Sued to eliminate voting requirements designed to exclude Black people from voting.
“No one standing over empty seats, a decree that black individuals not to made to pay at the front of the bus and enter from the rear and a policy that would require buses to stop at every corner in black residential areas”. When the meeting failed to produce any meaningful change, WPC president Jo Ann Robinson the council’s requests in a 21 May letter to Mayor Gayle telling him, ‘‘there has been talk from twenty-five or more local organizations of planning a city-wide boycott of busses”. A year after the WPC’s meeting with Mayor Gayle a 15-year-old named Claudette Colvin was arrested for challenging segregation on a Montgomery
The board of education argument. Miss brown couldn't go to the school that was down the road from her house so her and her parents sued the board of education. The little black girl wasn't about to go to the school because of segregation. The pros about it is that miss brown can attend the school blocks away. The conse is that the white people might try to hurt her.
Some of the strategies from the grass root level that the activists of the civil rights movement used in order to overturn the segregation practice of “Jim Crow” was very effective in leading to the downfall of the practice of legalized segregation. One of the strategies was the Montgomery bus boycott. Even the public transportation in the “Jim Crow” south wasn’t immune from the sickness of segregation. Anyone who has studied the practice of the racism knows that on public transportation in the south during the “Jim Crow” era black people’s money was good enough to be in the front of the bus, but the people themselves weren’t and therefore had to come in through the back of the bus and they confined to the back unless someone white wanted
A version of this review appears in print on May 16, 2011, on page C3 of the New York edition with the headline: Voices From the Buses on the Road to Civil Rights. Order Reprints| Today 's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main
For instance,’’When the black students, known as the ‘’Little Rock Nine,’’ attempted to enter Central High School, segregationists threatened to hold protests and physically block the students from entering the school ’’ (Source B). This shows that all of the segregationists did not believe the fortunate African American students were as smart or worthy of going to school with Caucasians. As well, this exhibits how much anti-negros would do just to prevent what they thought was wrong from happening, which included violence. In addition, even though most people disagreed with the ‘’Little Rock Nine’’ from going to school, a few agreed,’’The rest of the country seemed to side with the black students...
After Rosa parks refused to give her seat to white passenger and was arrested. The black people decided to launch a boycott. It denoted all of African Americans walked instead of riding a bus. The boycotters hoped the bus companies would lose money and be forced to abandon their segregation policy. After a year bus boycott, a unit state’s District Court ruling in Browder V. Gayle banned racial segregation on all Montgomery public buses.
