The rocks are pebble to cobble sized basalt fragments. The samples collected ranged from 50mm to 120 mm. The rocks are angular. They have a gray, very fine ground mass. Fine plagioclase feldspars are visible throughout the ground mass and sparkle in the sunlight.
The formation strikes 269°, and dips 41°N. The sandstone and mudstone members are typically 30-50cm thick. The sandstones are immature poorly sorted greywacke, and the mudstones
(Harris, 2004) The downfaulting of Death Valley is correlated with the extension of the lithosphere in the Death Valley region, which plays a part to the uplifting associated with Sequoia – Kings Canyon National Park. The Batholiths of the Sierra Nevada mountain ranges are prominent in both parks, exposing “plumbing systems” in magma chambers that fed the volcanoes. “Magmatic differentiation” involves the crystallization of a magma with magma of a different chemical composition, creating more than one type of igneous rock, which can be seen in both Yosemite and Sequoia – Kings National Parks. (Harris, 2004, 748)
Since we were given the go-ahead to choose a geological formation other than the Grand Canyon, I thought it would be interesting to learn more about Carlsbad Cavern. My family will be taking on a road trip in a couple weeks and this is one of our points-of-interest planned stops. Carlsbad Cavern is located in the Guadalupe Mountains in southeastern New Mexico. One of its most popular attractions is the Big Room, “the largest single cave chamber by volume in North America.” [1] Ironically for this assignment, actor and comedian Will Rogers referred to it as “The Grand Canyon with a roof over it.”
Geologists have found that the oldest exposed rocks in the national park to date back to 75 million years. The formations resulted from sediments that were largely swept into the area due to the rise of the Rocky Mountains. This eventually resulted in a rising of land above sea level. The deposits consisted of different strata of dark shale beds, many containing fossils of marine life from the Seaway (Stoffer 2003).
We walked along the beach a little more and talked and looked at the location of a whale skull that used to be buried in the sand. The rock was actually much smoother than . We also took a look at some possible bones and skeletal remains along with concretions. The concretions were rather large comparable to smart car in size. Concretions are solid masses formed around some type of matter that will change the chemistry of the rock slightly, helping it become harder and less susceptible to erosion.
This cave is located 1000 feet underground and contains many of the largest natural gypsum crystals in the world (2). These pillars of selenite gypsum measure up to 50 feet long and 4 feet in diameter (1). These crystals were able to form in such huge quantities because the area was submerged in water that was rich in minerals as well as having a high stable temperature of 136 degrees Fahrenheit (2). The water had an abundant amount of anhydrite and, because of this environment, it dissolved into gypsum and formed these massive crystals (2). The water has since drained out of the caves and the air in the caves normally stays between 45 and 50 degrees Celsius and the humidity levels range from 90 to 100 percent (3).
(Steffen et al., 2011; Lewis and Maslin, 2015). There have even been numerous calls to recognise this influence by renaming the most geological epoch in humans’ honour”
The canyon has colors from the Alabama clay. The rocks are
I am writing to enthusiastically support Emma Idol’s application for a GIA Graduate Gemologist (GG) On Campus Scholarship. I have known Ms. Idol since the Fall semester of 2014 and have been her instructor in two senior level geology courses, including Structural Geology, and notably, our six week capstone Geology Field Course in Italy. Perhaps more importantly, Ms. Idol has been conducting research with me and a colleague in a collaborative geologic hazards project entitled Determining the history of landslide activity using dendrochronology, highway 105 in Boone, NC. These experiences have afforded me a substantial amount of time to get to know Ms. Idol; I feel very well qualified to speak to a number of her qualities.
Each rock had its own inscribed designed on the surface
Kortenkamp, Steve, and WK Hartmann. “Impact at Cumberland Gap: Where Natural and National History Collide.” Planetary Science Institute, https://www.psi.edu/sites/default/files/newsletter/summer04/Summer04.pdf. Accessed 6 December 2022.
The rock layers in the Grand canyon really show how an awesome God he is. The Fossils located in the Grand Canyon mostly came from the water killing the animal and preserving it( Ribokas 3). There are also many types of fossils in the Grand Canyon. Most of the fossils came from the world wide flood, also known as Noah's Flood. The definition of a fossil "Is remains of an organism preserved in a petrified form or as a mold or cast in the rock."
These specimens were collected from the Pliocene marine facies of the Milky River formation at Sandy Ridge section, Alaska Peninsula (Marincovich et al., 2002)(Figure 1). Thirteen specimens from this collection were used for the distance measurement analysis based on completeness with respect to the distance measurements needed. Eleven specimens were used for the outline analysis and were chosen based on degree of outline
