About Radical Research Paper

_About Radical
The social movements of the 1960s and 1970s potentiated an engine of creative period in the architectural design, architectural theory, and architectural critic fields, especially for including the role of politics and technology. This transdisciplinary relation reappeared again in 2011, when global social protests and occupations like the Occupy Movement or the Arab Spring challenged the established system. In this regard, 2011 started a chain of civil disobedience and demonstrations through the virtual space, using the Internet to call for actions in the streets. Most of these events and groups were called “radical” and “dissident,” a word that was intonated with a negative feature.

According to the Collins Dictionary of

1. Concerning the most basic and important parts of something; thorough and complete.
2. New, different and likely to have a great effect.
3. In favour of thorough and complete political or social change.
Noun
1. A person with radical opinions.

In Macmillan English Dictionary:
Adj.
1. A radical change or way of doing something is new and very different from the usual way.
2. A radical increase or decrease is extremely large and important.
3. A radical person or group believes that important political and social changes are necessary. Radical opinions are based on the belief that important political or social changes are necessary.
4. Relating to the most basic or important part of something.
Noun
Someone who believes that important political and social changes are necessary.

In Longman, Dictionary of Contemporary English:
Adj.
1. A radical change has a lot of important effects
2. Radical opinions, ideas, leaders, etc., support thorough and complete social or political change.
3. Related to the central or most important qualities of something.

While in Credo, Etymology Dictionary, radical means “of roots.” Its modern political meaning based on the metaphor of fundamental change, going to the ‘roots’ of things, it does not emerge until the 18th Century. In the Late Latin, rãdīcãlis derivatives from radix, ‘root’ (source of English radish [OE] and probably related to

Someone who is a member or a radical political group, or who holds radical political views.

Jeremy Bentham (1748 – 1832) an English philosopher and political radical according to The Philosophical Society of England, develops the concept of “moral philosophy,” which evaluates actions based upon their consequences. He indicates that one’s radical mental constitution is connate, for what radical involves the fundamental: “favouring major change, especially social and political. Theories, movements, parties are so described. In France, radicalism has been a general term for liberalism, republicanism and secularism” (Pringle-Pattison, 1907).

Deriving from the Latin radix – root – radical enters in politics with the Radical Reform movement in the late 18th century, when the more representative members of the Whig Party begin pressing for thorough – or radical – changes to democratize the British Constitution and its society. Their political enemies often apply the term reproachfully, i.e., “Radical is a word in very bad odour here, being used to denote a set of blackguards” (Sir Walter Scott, letter. 10 October 1819). The word’s connotations improve following passage of the Reform Bill of 1932, but the Radicals could not manage to form a parliamentary party, becoming extreme Liberals instead. In the United States, the term is associated first with socialists and others of the left, many of them of European origin. Thus, to most U.S. citizens, radical always seems to have a tinge