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Education promotes inequality:Essay
The achievement gap in education in america essay
Education promotes inequality:Essay
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Within the reading of chapter four of Our Kids by Robert Putnam one key point of his argument is that it really matters where kids attend school and who they are attending school with. The overall growing class gap is extremely evident within the American school system. However, schools are not responsible for the creation of the opportunity gap because the gap already exists before schools are put into the picture. While this may be true, the schools that kids from affluent families are attending are significantly different than schools that children from poorer families are attending. This could be a product of the fact that affluent and poor families are usually not living in the same areas.
Darling-Hammond broke the article into different sections which made the flow of the paper easier to read and understand when a new topic was introduced. By separating the sections of the article, she allowed a new discussion to occur underneath the overall topic of unequal opportunity with education. The author also used factual information to further back the observations being made. An example of this would be when she started the discussion about the end of legal segregation within the school systems and noted the scores of African-American students Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) to climb 54 points between 1976 and 1994, while the white students remained the same (Darling-Hammond,. 1998). Darling-Hammond brings this statistic into the article because it strengthens her argument that equal opportunity for education causes students to achieve better overall grades and test scores due to the availability of resources.
His goal, to close the achievement gap in his classroom. The consistent thoughts throughout chapter three is that the way to close the gap is to provide adequate funding. I am in complete agreement with David and Cuban that if policymakers continue to believe that the achievement gap can be closed by setting high standards but not providing the means to attain these standards, then the gap between white and black, high and low, poor and rich, English speaking and non-English speaking will remain! Summary Chapter three of “Cutting Through the Hype”, discusses not only the history of the achievement gap but also, where the idea of closing the achievement gap originated, what problems closing the achievement gap would solve, the question, does focusing attention on closing the achievement gap work?, and the solution to the achievement gap in their eyes.
Throughout the book The Overachievers:The Secret Lives of Driven Kids, Alexandra Robbins develops the theme of competition between the students at Whitman High School and the students she individually observed. The Journalist Alexandra Robbins returns to Whitman, where she attended her high school years to follow a few of Whitman’s upperclassmen and journal about their experiences in high school towards achieving admissions to top elite colleges and universities. The students she follows around are Taylor, Julie, Audrey, AP Frank, Sam, Pete, Ryland, Stealth Overachiever student, and C.J., which were Juniors and Seniors at Whitman. As she observes these nine students at Whitman High School, she discovers that High School was an indirect battleground between students who competed against each other for best grades, top scores in standardized tests, best athletic achievements, and their admissions towards post
Ciara Campos Professor Shamiryan English 096 November 9, 2015 Modifying into Cultures Everybody has a different definition of success. Success can be interpreted into having happiness, having knowledge, and being financially stabled. Most people describe it as being patient and having a positive mindset. Malcolm Gladwell, author of Outliers, demonstrated how without the knowledge of other cultures, there are many things that people won’t consider questioning or realizing about it. He also showed how people need to adapt to a new culture in order to achieve success since it affects how society deals with culturism today.
While this provides the reader with a fundamental understanding of the situation at hand it does not give any supporting information in the form of statistics. The essays main stays are using quotes, examples, and certain common sense facts. However, in supporting an argument that states that the public education system fails the children one should expect a statistical basis in supporting that argument. Because the reader is given no information of about this crisis the
Additionally, the author mentions that according to the professor’s research, the “score gap between American students and those in the highest-ranked countries” decreases by “25 percent in math and 40 percent in reading” once adjustments for the student’s socioeconomic status have been made. However, this problem is getting harder for public schools to solve as “[t]he public school population is getting poorer”. Porter then introduces Andreas Schleicher, the top educational expert of O.E.C.D who runs the PISA tests, as Schleicher firmly disagrees with Professor Carnoy’s claims. According to Professor Carnoy’s results, “fewer than 15 percent” of American students should be from families of lower socioeconomic status, but Schleicher found that “65 percent of principals in American schools say at least 30 percent of their students come from disadvantaged families”.
According to “From the achievement Gap to the Education Debt: Understanding Achievement in U.S. Schools” claims
This is also the cause of what we call “achievement gaps”, which is the disparity of academic performance between white students and students of a minority, along with students from low income families and those from higher income families. Jonathan Kozol and Diane Ravitch are two different writers who wrote on similar claims, however, they both had written their pieces with different strategies to convey their arguments. In “Still Separate, Still Unequal”, Jonathon Kozol berates the
Alexandra Robbins portrays as a credible individual in the book The Overachievers by justifying ¨.. I was these students, rushing through the same hallways, cramming anxiously for tests in the same classrooms,¨(14). Robbins shows that she once felt the same pressure that these students are going through not only because she attended the same school as the characters but as well as that is the way high school is. Robbins justifies the actions of the characters in the book so that way readers can see a different perspective of what really is going
Carnoy, Loeb, and Smith (2003) found a weakness in the relationships between TAKS scores and other outcomes such as high school graduation rates and scores on college entrance exams. Other researchers (Klein, Hamilton, McCaffrey, & Steecher, 2000) analyzed increases in scores in Texas on the NAEP, increases that they state political leaders attributed to the accountability system, and found that Texas score improvements in mathematics at grade 8 are not significantly different from those of other states that did not have strong accountability systems in place. In fact their data show evidence that the achievement gap between white students and underrepresented minorities actually increased. Some argue that the data show that the accountability program actually negatively impacts schools that were already academically behind before the implementation of the accountability system (Fassold,
Socioeconomic obstacles impede the academic achievement of students. “Hispanics have poverty rates that are two to nearly three times higher than whites; and 40 percent of their population is foreign born” (“Hispanics: Special Education and English Language Learners”). Living in poverty affects educational attainment. There is a gap in the educational outcomes because of socioeconomic status (SES). Moreover, the American Psychological Association (APA) states, “large gaps remain when minority education attainment is compared to that of Caucasian Americans”.
There is nothing new about achievement gaps between racial and ethnic groups and between children from families at different ends of the income distribution. Such differences exist wherever there is inequality,
Martha Peraza SOC 3340 Inequality in Education California State University, Bakersfield Abstract In the United States, there exists a gap in equality for different demographics of students. The factors contributing to educational disadvantages include socioeconomic struggles, gender of students, language or culture, and particularly for the scope of this paper, race.
Moreover, McEachern (2014) cited that the achievement gaps are found in all education systems. Studies, concentrated in the United States but also conducted in other countries, have considered racial and ethnic achievement gaps (Lee, 2002, 2004), urban-rural achievement gaps (Graham & Provost, 2012; Provasnik, 2007), gender achievement gaps (Benson, 2005b; Marks, 2008; Shafiq, 2011), private-public school achievement gaps (C. Lubienski, Weitzel, & S.T. Lubienski, 2009), and more. Certain groups of children may perform below average based on a variety of factors, such as poverty, family composition, teacher/school quality, school access, technology, and motivation, among others (Davis-Kean, 2005; Entwisle & Alexander, 1992; Rankin & Quane,
