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Acne Vulgaris Research Paper

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1.1 ACNE VULGARIS
Acne vulgaris is a disease of the pilosebaceous follicle characterized by non-inflammatory (open and closed comedones) and inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules, and nodules). Its pathogenesis is multi factorial - the interplay of hormonal, bacterial, and immunological (inflammatory) factors results in the formation of acne lesions. Although acne is not a life-threatening condition, it can have detrimental effects on the quality of life of affected individuals. Fortunately, acne is readily responsive to the wide-range of available medications, with the goals of therapy being to clear the lesions, prevent scarring, and limit any treatment-related side-effects and psychosocial squealed. Newer fixed-dose combination products …show more content…

It may result in psychological and social problems some of the large nodules were previously called cysts and the term nodulocystic has been used to describe severe cases of inflammatory acne (Devid et al., 2003).

Scars
Acne scars are the result of inflammation within the dermal layer of skin brought on by acne and are estimated to affect 95% of people with acne vulgaris. The scar is created by an abnormal form of healing following this dermal inflammation. Scarring is most likely to occur with severe nodulocystic acne, but may occur with any form of acne vulgaris. Acne scars are classified based on whether the abnormal healing response following dermal inflammation leads to excess collagen deposition or collagen loss at the site of the acne …show more content…

True acne vulgaris in adult women may be due to pregnancy or polycystic ovary syndrome.
Genetic
The predisposition for specific individuals to acne is likely explained by a genetic component, which has been supported by twin studies as well as studies that have looked at rates of acne among first degree relatives. The genetics of acne susceptibility is likely polygenic, as the disease does not follow classic Mendelian inheritance pattern. There are multiple candidates for genes which are possibly related to acne, including polymorphisms in TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and CYP1A1 among others.
Infectious
Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is the anaerobic bacterium species that is widely suspected to contribute to the development of acne, but its exact role in this process is not entirely clear. There are specific sub-strains of P. acnes associated with normal skin and others with long-term acne. It is unclear whether these undesirable strains evolve on-site or are acquired, or possibly both depending on the person. These strains either have the capability of changing, perpetuating, or adapting to, the abnormal cycle of inflammation, oil production, and inadequate sloughing of acne

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